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Ancient China
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| North China Plains | four seasons. It is hot in the summer and cold in the winter. |
| Chang Jiang River Valley | hot and humid all year long. |
| Describe the North China Plains: | Inner China. Flat, fertile land Good for grazing animals |
| Why are the North China Plains called “The Land of the Yellow Earth”? | The loess from the Gobi Desert makes the land fertile when the Huang He floods |
| loess | loess soils are among the most fertile in the world, principally because the abundance of silt particles ensures a good supply of plant-available water, good soil |
| Why is the Huang He River yellow? | The loess from the Gobi gets blown into the river (Inner China) |
| What are the challenges of the Huang He River? | Unexpected Flooding. The climate- cold in the winter |
| What is a benefit of living in the Chang Jiang River Valley? | Warm, wet, humid climate good for growing rice year round. (Inner China) |
| What is a challenge of living in the Chang Jiang River Valley? | Not a lot of fertile land for growing crops |
| How did they create fertile land in the Chang Jiang River Valley? | built terraces |
| terraces | Terraces were used to grow rice, vegetables, and fruits. Terraces were carved by hand using complex irrigation systems to divert water from streams. Terraces helped prevent soil erosion, increase grain production, and preserve land and soil. |
| Why is the Tibetan Plateau called “The Roof of the World”? | It is 2 ½ miles above sea level which makes the climate very cold (Outer China) |
| Why is there no fertile land in the Tibetan Plateau? | Cold and dry , hard to grow crops Made trade and travel difficult |
| What is the tallest mountain peak in the Himalayas? | Mount Everest (Outer China) |
| What is a benefit of the Himalayas? | they acted as a natural barrier, protecting the civilization from invasion from the west |
| What does Taklamakan mean? | "Once you go in, you will not come out." (Outer China) |
| How did it get its name? | Due to the danger of sudden sand storms |
| How is the Gobi Desert different than the Taklamakan? | Made of Small pebbles which are called loess (silt) which creates fertile land (Outer China) |
| How is the Gobi Desert connected to the Huang He/North China Plains? | Loess from the Gobi Desert covers the ground. |
| What is the mandate of heaven? | Right to rule given by heaven |
| Why did the ancient Chinese worship their ancestors? | believed that their ancestors had power to help or harm the living. for this reason they felt it was important to honor ancestors by offering wine, food and sometimes |
| How do we know the Shang dynasty existed and was more than a myth? | Archeologists uncovered the ruins of Anyang in the Huang He River Valley which revealed many artifacts that supported the existence of the Shang dynasty. |
| How does bronze relate to this dynasty? | The Shang Dynasty used bronze to create more powerful weapons. |
| What are oracle bones? | Oracle bones were used by kings to get advice from ancestors. |
| What lead to the downfall of Shang dynasty? | Fighting many wars weakened the military kings spent too much money on palaces, clothing, and tombs kings spent more time hunting than ruling |
| Define feudalism: | A system of “give and take” that provided law and order in China. |
| Why was feudalism created during the Zhou dynasty? | provided law and order in China. |
| What lead to the downfall of Zhou dynasty? | Nobles fought the king for power of the dynasty. Nobles fighting wars against each other that weakened the dynasty. |
| King | King provided STATES to nobles |
| NOBLES | Nobles promised to be LOYAL to the king. They provided MILITARY SERVICES to the king. Nobles provided PROTECTION to peasants. |
| PEASANTS | Peasants provided surplus CROPS, TOOLS, GOODS, etc. to the nobles. |
| Confucianism | Basic ideas: honest, fair, goodness Rulers should: be fair and honest to create a peaceful society Teachings: people should respect each other and be kind and honest |
| Daoism | Basic ideas: simple, natural lifestyle. Rulers should: be simple and peaceful. Teachings: life has opposites (life/death, black/white); people need to live in harmony |
| Legalism | Basic ideas: harsh, strict laws Rulers should: enforce laws with rewards for good behavior and harsh punishments for bad behavior Teachings: peace comes from strict laws, rewards, and punishments |
| Which philosophy did the leader of the Qin dynasty (Shi Huang Di) follow and WHY? | Qin Dynasty ruled using Legalism because it was a fast way to control the people in the civilization. |
| What did Emperor Qin standardize and why was it important? | Money, weights and measures |
| Why did they build the Great Wall of China? | For protection from invaders from the north. |
| Who opposed Emperor Qin’s rule of the dynasty and why? | The Confucian Scholars because he believed in legalism and it was the complete opposite of Confucianism. |
| Whys did Emperor Qin’s order the execution of 460 Confucian scholars? | They questioned legalism and they didn’t think that was the best way to rule. |
| Chain pump | transports water from river to fields |
| Seismograph | detects earthquakes |
| Silk | valuable because only the Chinese knew how to produce it |
| Kite | sent messages and scared enemies away |
Created by:
jgeekie
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