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Federal Gov Fnal
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| To be a member of the House, one must be at least __ years old and been a citizen for at least _ years. | 25, 7 |
| To be a Senator, one must be at least __ years old and have been a citizen for at least _ years. | 30, 9 |
| Senators and House members must be ________ of the state they represent. | residents |
| Members of the House serve _ years each term. | 2 |
| Members of the Senate serve _ years each term. | 6 |
| Congress is a _________ ___________, meaning there are two chambers of Congress organized along party lines. | bicameral legistature |
| Within both chambers of congress, party members must elect their _____ _______ | party leaders |
| In Congress, _____ are introduced then either edited further or rejected to continue it's course to be approved | bills |
| the ______ of the House is elected by House membership, and is responsible for influencing the House rules committee. They also speak first in debates and is said to be the second most powerful official | Speaker |
| The Senate ________ ______ ______ is a position similar to the Speaker of the House, while being assisted by the majority whip. Unlike the speaker, this position is not very powerful. | majority party leader |
| The _________ _____ is a powerful position in committees that is responsible for scheduling meetings, determining the order in which bills are considered, and presiding over discussions. | committee chair |
| The first step of passing a bill is ___________, where a bill is introduced and sent to the correct committee. | Introduction |
| The second step of passing a bill is _________ ______, where hearings are held, a bill is revised, and a recommendation to pass or table the bill is made | committee action |
| The third step in passing a bill is _____ ______, where there is a debate. In the House, the House Rules Committee determines the rules and in the Senate the leadership proposes rules for action. | floor action |
| The fourth step in passing a bill is __________ ______, an extra step added just in case the House and Senate make different versions of the same bill. There's an extra meeting to ensure that both chambers suggest the same bill | Conference action |
| The Fifth and final step in passing a bill is _________ ______. The bill is sent to the president for approval. If the bill is ignored or vetoed, it can be overridden by a 2/3 majority in each chamber | Executive action |
| ________ is a holder of a position in a political office, usually used to refer to someone rerunning to hold their position. | incumbent |
| Most incumbents are reelected and get the upper hand in campaign funds. House members can also redistrict in their favor, also known as ______________ | gerrymandering |
| ________ __________ can badly affect an incumbent's chance of reelection, as well as the lack of voter turnout in midterms or a strong challenger | personal misconduct |
| _____________ is the redrawing of House election districts, usually done by the party controlling state legislature. | redistricting |
| _____________ is the process of drawing districts that favor candidates of the party in control of the process | gerrymandering |
| a type of gerrymandering where lines are drawn to give an advantage or disadvantage to a politician | vote concentration |
| a type of gerrymandering where lines are drawn to spread out the votes to cause a win or loss | vote diffusion |
| gerrymandering technique where 2 incumbents are drawn in the same district, forcing them to compete | pairing technique |
| people residing in their state or district and the territory elected officials represent | constituency |
| a state where the government's two chambers are controlled by the same political party | unified government |
| To be the president, one must be at least __ years old and have been a citizen for at least __ years. They must also be a natural-born citizen, | 35, 14 |
| One of the president's responsibilities is to be _____ _________, meaning they must ensure all laws are enforced and commission all officers of the US | chief executive |
| One of the president's responsibilities is to be __________ __ _____, giving them power over the military. | commander in chief |
| One of the president's responsibilities is to be _____ ________, giving them the power to appoint and receive ambassadors. | chief diplomat |
| One of the president's responsibilities is to be ____ __ _____, making them the face of the government | head of state |
| One of the president's responsibilities is to be _____ _________, meaning they can recommend certain ideas and actions to congress and inform it on the "state of the union" | chief legislator |
| also known as a direct primary, it's an election where voters choose a party's nominees for public office. In most states, voters have to be registered to be in a political party to participate | primary election |
| The major election to choose the president of the united states, takes place after primary election | general election |
| The key staff organization is the _________ ______ __ ___ _________, made in 1939 by congress. | Executive Office of the President |
| The ______ _____ ______ aka the WHO, serves the president most directly and has 3 offices | White House Office |
| The WHO has 3 offices: Communications, Office of the _____ secretary, and Office of __________ _______ | press, legislative affairs |
| The executive office of the president (EOP) includes 4 units, including the WHO, Office of __________ and ______ (OMB), National ________ council, and National Economic Council. | Management, Budget, Security |
| The Vice President is also the presiding officer in the ______ | Senate |
| The President's _______ are the heads of 15 executive departments, all are appointed by the president | cabinet |
| All cabinet heads are appointed by the president and confirmed by the ______ | Senate |
| The president appoints roughly ___ ambassadors and over ____ presidential appointees. | 200, 2000 |
| Modern presidents have an ______ _______ capacity, a source of power | agenda setting |
| Many things influence a president's power, mainly popularity with the people. This forces presidents to do a _________ ________ which is persistent efforts to maintain public support, blurring the line between campaigning and governing. | permanent campaign |
| Presidents acquire leverage with congress from their role as _____ ______. They are their party's highest elected official, so they must advocate | party leader |
| Ways a president can pressure congress is to persuade, appeal to the ________ _______ or threaten to ____ a bill | american people, veto |
| a presidential directive that implements or interprets a law passed by congress | executive order |
| a formal agreement that presidents make on their own with a foreign nation | executive agreement |
| Congress has the constitutional authority to _______ and remove the president from office | impeach |
| To impeach a president, the House of Representatives needs a ________ ____ | majority vote |
| To impeach a president, the ______ conducts trial and votes on the case | senate |
| To remove a president from office, a ___-______ vote is needed in the senate | two thirds |
| a term that refers to the communication platform provided to the president as a result of being the center of national attention | bully pulpit |
| treaty-like agreements that presidents can do alone with other nations. these are legally binding unless conflicting with already existing laws | executive agreement |
| The lowest federal courts, and most common. There are 94 of them nationwide with at least 1 in each state. They are typically more loose in their rulings as they are not as authoritative as the Supreme Court | District courts |
| The second level of the court system. Appealed cases from district courts come here. There's 13 of them total. | US Courts of Appeals |
| courts that specialize in certain types of cases. | Specialty Courts |
| The nation's highest court, has the power to hear appellate cases and original cases. | US Supreme Court |
| The Supreme Court has _ chief justice(s) and _ associate judge(s) for a total of 9 positions. | 1, 8 |
| Congress has the power to create __________ to supreme court appellate rulings. | exceptions |
| States can determine their own _____ system, and these solve 95% of cases. | court |
| Typically, the Supreme court is in session starting the first ______ of October, and goes until the first Sunday of _______ of the next year. However, they are usually in recess from late June until the next session starts. | Monday, October |
| Supreme court justices usually serve for ____ | life |
| the authority to hear cases of a particular type | jurisdiction |
| the authority to be the first to hear a case | original jurisdiction |
| the authority to hear cases that have already been heard | appellate jurisdiction |
| when selecting a case, if at least _ judges agree to hear about it, the court issues a ____ __ ________, which is a request for the record of the case. | 4, writ of centauri |
| The supreme court accepts less than ___ cases a year, as they claim to need "compelling reasons" to accept one. | 100 |
| indicated which party won a case | decision |
| a majority agree on the legal basis | majority opinion |
| a majority agree on the decision, but disagree on the legal basis | plurality opinion |
| a separate view by a justice who agrees with the majority but disagrees with at least some of the reasoning | concurring opinion |
| one or more justices on the losing side explain the reason they disagree with the majority opinion | dissenting opinion |
| 11 Appellate courts are connected to a circuit in the US containing 3-9 states. The last two include one that resides over the District of ________, while the other one covers _______ and ___________ _____ | Columbia, patents, international trade |
| Texas' Appellate court is located in _________ | Louisiana |
| Used in State Courts and aka the merit plan. The governor or legislature appoints judges from a list of acceptable candidates. a "retention election" is held to determine whether they stay in office or not. | Missouri plan |
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banditbandit
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