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Definition
Philosopher; foundational figure in Western philosophy, known for the Socratic method of questioning to stimulate critical thinking.
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Definition
Philosopher; student of Socrates, wrote "The Republic," exploring justice, the ideal state, and the theory of Forms.
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Ancient Greeks
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| Philosopher; foundational figure in Western philosophy, known for the Socratic method of questioning to stimulate critical thinking. | Socrates |
| Philosopher; student of Socrates, wrote "The Republic," exploring justice, the ideal state, and the theory of Forms. | Plato |
| Philosopher and scientist; student of Plato, wrote on ethics, logic, metaphysics, and natural sciences; tutor to Alexander the Great. | Aristotle |
| Historian; called the "Father of History," authored "Histories," chronicling the Greco-Persian Wars. | Herodotus |
| Historian; wrote "History of the Peloponnesian War," emphasizing factual accuracy and political analysis. | Thucydides |
| Playwright; father of Greek tragedy, wrote "The Oresteia," exploring justice and vengeance. | Aeschylus |
| Playwright; known for "Oedipus Rex" and "Antigone," masterpieces of tragedy focusing on fate and moral dilemmas. | Sophocles |
| Playwright; wrote "Medea" and "The Bacchae," known for complex characters and psychological depth in tragedies. | Euripides |
| Playwright; master of comedy, wrote "Lysistrata" and "The Clouds," satirizing politics and philosophy. | Aristophanes |
| Poet; traditionally credited with "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey," epic poems foundational to Western literature. | Homer |
| Politician; Athenian statesman, led Athens during its Golden Age, delivered the famous Funeral Oration. | Pericles |
| Politician and lawmaker; reformed Athenian laws, laying the groundwork for democracy by reducing debt slavery. | Solon |
| Politician; known as the "Father of Athenian Democracy," reorganized Athens into a democratic system. | Cleisthenes |
| Orator and politician; famed for his "Philippics," speeches warning against Philip II of Macedon. | Demosthenes |
| Mathematician and philosopher; known for the Pythagorean theorem and mystical ideas about numbers. | Pythagoras |
| Mathematician; called the "Father of Geometry," wrote "Elements," a foundational text in mathematics. | Euclid |
| Mathematician and inventor; known for principles of buoyancy, the lever, and calculating pi. | Archimedes |
| Physician; dubbed the "Father of Medicine," associated with the Hippocratic Oath and holistic healing. | Hippocrates |
| Philosopher and scientist; considered the first Western philosopher, predicted a solar eclipse, studied water as a primal element. | Thales of Miletus |
| Philosopher; early theorist of cosmology, proposed an infinite "apeiron" as the origin of all things. | Anaximander |
| Philosopher; known for the idea that "everything flows" (change is constant) and the unity of opposites. | Heraclitus |
| Poet; celebrated for his victory odes honoring athletes in the Olympic and other Panhellenic games. | Pindar |
| Military leader; Spartan admiral who defeated Athens in the Peloponnesian War, ending its naval dominance. | Lysander |
| Politician and general; led Athens to victory at the Battle of Salamis against the Persians. | Themistocles |
| Poet; one of the greatest lyric poets, known for her emotional love poetry, much of it addressed to women. | Sappho |
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