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ECO 2314 Exam 1
Texas State / Fall '10 / McClung
Question | Answer |
---|---|
ECONOMICS | HOW ECO AGENTS (CONSUMERS) MAKE CHOICES UNDER CONDITIONS OF SCARCITY, AND THE RESULTS OF THOSE CHOICES. |
SCARCITY PRINCIPAL | ECO AGENTS HAVE UNLTD WANTS, BUT ONLY LTD RESOURCES TO FULFILL THEM. |
COST-BENEFIT PRINCIPAL | ECO AGENTS SHOULD TAKE AN ACTION IF EXTRA BENEFITS OF THE ACTION ARE GREATER THAN OR = TO THE EXTRA COST OF THE ACTION. |
RATIONAL PERSON | SOMEONE W. WELL DEFINED GOALS WHO SEEKS TO ACHIEVE THEM. |
ECONOMIC SURPLUS | TOTAL BENEFITS - TOTAL COST = NET BENEFIT. [ONLY TAKE ACTION IF ECO SURPLUS IS GREATER THAN OR = TO 0.] |
THE FOREGONE ALTERNATIVE | THE NEXT HIGHEST VALUED ALTERNATIVE NOT SELECTED, E.G. SLEEPING. |
3 COMMON ERRORS OF DECISION MAKING | 1) MEASURING COST BENEFITS AT % RATHER THAN ABSOLUTE AMOUNTS. 2)FAILURE TO INCLUDE OPP. COSTS, 3) FAILURE TO THINK @ THE MARGIN. |
MEASURING COST BENEFITS AS % RATHER THAN ABSOLUTE AMOUNTS | ONE OF THE THREE COMMON ERRORS OF DECISION MAKING. INCONVENIENCES AND INCIDENTALS (COST) CANNOT BE CALCULATED AS PERCENTAGES. |
ECONOMIC SURPLUS | TOTAL BENEFIT - TOTAL COST - OPPORTUNITY COST |
FAILURE TO THINK AT THE MARGIN | |
SUNK COSTS | ANY COST THAT IS UNRECOVERABLE AT THE TIME THE DECISION IS MADE. |
AVERAGE BENEFITS | ...OF ANY PARTICULAR ACTION = TOTAL BENEFITS/# UNITS |
MARGINAL BENEFIT | __ TOTAL BENEFITS / __ # UNITS |
MARGINAL COSTS | __ TOTAL COSTS / __ # UNITS |