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Biology1012 Unit1VOC
Biology 1012 Unit 1 Vocabulary -- UMSL
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| AIDS (Acquired-Immune-Deficiency-Syndrome) | A virus caused disease that disrupts the body's immune system leaving the victim without defense against other diseases. |
| Anabolism | The process of utilizing nutritive matter to convert it into living substance. It is the constructive aspect of metabolism. |
| Antibiotic | A chemical compound that inhibits or prevents organism's growth by interfering with metabolic processes. |
| Antigen | A substance, usually a protein or carbohydrate, that when introduced into the body induces the production of a specific antibody |
| Antibody | A protein produced in the lymphoid tissue of the body normally or specifically in response to an antigen. |
| Assimilate | To absorb into living cells and the subsequent incorporation of materials into the organism |
| B-Cell | A lymphocyte that produces antibodies for specific antigens |
| Biology | The branch of science that deals with living organisms |
| Catabolism | The chemical processes dealing with the breaking down of complex substance in living organisms to more simple ones. It is the destructive aspect of metabolism and results in increased entropy. |
| Characteristics of Living Things | A list of properties that describe the activies and physical aspects of living entities |
| Cycle of Life | A proposed schema of the relationship of the elements driving the essence of living systems |
| Dead | Not having that capacity to live, to produce or sustain life |
| Digestion | The process of breaking down food in preparation for assimilation. |
| Egestion | The process of discharging unabsorbed food from the organism; to void |
| Energy | Available Power, the ability to do work or cause a change |
| Heredity Material | The chemicals responsible for the transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the molecule that codes the messages for the production of various traits. |
| Host | An organism on which another organism lives and obtains its food. |
| Immune System | Mechanisms in an organism that protects against infection by identifying and removing harmful agents. |
| Infection | The invasion of one organism by another. |
| Ingestion | The taking in of foodstuffs. |
| Irritability | The capacity to respond to stimuli. |
| Granger's Definition of Life | A system of auto-recapitulative matter made of more than one kind of chemical molecule with all of the mechanisms needed for duplication |
| Life | The condition that distinguishes organisms from non-living entities. |
| Life Cycle | The continuous sequence of changes occurring in organisms as they move from the time of initiation to death. |
| Living Entities | Systems that possess the characteristics of living things either as individuals or in populations |
| Lock and Key | Mechanism by which an antibody recognizes and fixes to its matching antigen |
| Lysis | Breaking up of a cell, usually involving the use of an enzyme. |
| Matter | All objects that occupy space. |
| Metabolism | The sum of the chemical processes of living entities. It includes both the reactions that increase complexity to produce new parts of organisms (anabolism) and those that break down complex parts into by-products or waste (catabolism) |
| Model | An example for imitations or comparisons of an object or idea |
| Molecule | A chemical unit consisting of two or more atoms bonded together |
| Mutation | A change in the heredity material. An alteration of the DNA molecule |
| Nucleic Acid | A complex biochemical macromolecule composed of nucleotide chains that convey genetic information |
| Organism | An individual living thing. |
| Prion | Untreatable proteinaceous infectious particles lacking in nucleic acids that progessive infect brain and nervous tissue. (i.e. Mad Cow Disease, Creatzfeld-Jacob Disease) |
| Recapitulative Matter | An entity that has the mechanism by which it can duplicate or reproduce itself |
| Reverse Transcriptase | An enzyme that transcribes a single stranded RNA into a double stranded DNA |
| Schrodinger's Definition of Life | Matter that posses the ability to decrease its entry. |
| Science | A process of investigating the natural universe as the systematic knowledge gained from that process |
| Stimuli | Any factor that arouses action (response in an organism or its parts. |
| Tautology | A circular argument or definition |
| T-Cell | A lymphocyte that recognizes and kills cells that are infected |
| Titre | The strength of a solution. Number of a substance is a given volume. |
| Vector | An agent, such as an insect, capable of carrying and transferring a pathogen from one organism to another. |
| Vegetative State | A time during the lytic cycle when the viral components are being synthesized. |
| Virion | The mature, complete virus particle |
| Virus | A submicroscopic, non-cellular parasite, composed of a protein coat and a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) core. They possess some properties of living organism such as the ability to mutate and undergo evolution. |
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