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Gas Heating Burners
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Induced Draft
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Gas Heating Burners

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Gas Heating Burners Induced Draft & Forced Draft
Induced Draft 1. Pulls combustion gasses through the heat exchangers. 2. Slight negative pressure in the heat exchanger.
Forced-Draft 1. Combustion blower at the inlet of the heat exchanger and push combustion gases through the heat exchanger. 2. Positive pressure in the heat exchanger.
Purpose of the burner To properly mix the primary air and gas, Where combustion takes place, Uses primary and secondary air,Primary air enters the burner with the gas, Secondary air is provided to ensure proper combustion, Gas is ignited by the pilot.
Primary Air and Secondary Air Primary air enters the burner near the orifice, velocity to creating a low pressure area, forcing it into the combustion area, Primary air alone does not provide complete combustion. Secondary air is required
Venturi Function Negative pressure draws in the primary air
Primary air can be adjusted using Primary Air Shutters, two types: 1) butterfly 2) Rotating cylinder
Two General Classifications of Burners 1. multi-port 2. mono-port
Types of Burners 1) Cast Iron Burner with Slotted port 2) Stamped- steel slotted burner 3) Ribbon burner 4) In-shot burner 5) Up-shot burner
All these burners are known as atmospheric burner The air for the burning is at atmospheric pressure
Multi-Port Burner Components 1) Orifice 2) Carry-over port 3) Ports 4) Venturi 5) Mixing Tube 6) Burner Head
Single Port Burners Upshot & Inshot The simplest and has one port, Most In-Shot burners are made out of aluminized steel,a crossover porting for flame retention and carryover to each main burner, no primary or secondary air adjustments
The Major advantage Mono-Port Burner Their low cost and simplicity, used today induced draft and condensing furnaces
Mono-Port Burner Operate with 50% more Primary Air To stabilize the flame and minimize lifting because of increase air, a flame retainer is used to provide a quenching surface to anchor the flame. Noisy than multi-port
Single Port Burners 1) Upshot 2) Inshot
Carry Over Ports on some burners slots it is necessary to have a flame carry over between burners, so a single ignition device can ignite all the burners, Carry over ports are built into burners for this purpose and are shaped to span the gap between the burners.
Gas Manifolds The manifold is a pipe through the gas flows to the burners. Gas orifices or spuds are mounted or threaded into the manifold. The manifold is attached to the outlet of the gas valve.
Gas Orifices The orifice is a precisely drilled hole through which the gas flows from the manifold to the burners. The orifice is located in the spud. The spud is screwed into the manifold. The orifice allows the correct amount of gas into the burner
Gas Orifices Function Control Gas flow inject primary air
Orifice Precautions 1) Misaligned Orifice Spoils Primary injections 2) Don't cross-Thread the spud
Orifice Replacement 1) Check the Orifice size for each installation 2) Replace new Orifice with proper size 3) Don't drill out or peen!!
Determining the Size of the Orifice 1. Specific gravity of the gas 2. Heat content of the gas 3. Required Btu/hr required for each burner. The first two are determined by the type of gas. (natural gas or propane)
Created by: toolegit
 

 



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