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When was the term criminal justice first used?
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Most police officer jobs are found at what level?
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CJ Midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When was the term criminal justice first used? | After the findings of the American Bar Foundation Project |
| Most police officer jobs are found at what level? | Local |
| The CJ system is vast, employing more than 2.4 billion ppl and costing federal, state, and local governments: | about $200 billion per year |
| What are the three main components into which the contemporary CJ system is generally divided? | Law Enforcement, the courts, and the correctional system. |
| this branch of government is responsible for the day-to-day operation of justice agencies | executive |
| Which crime is not included on the list of Part I or index crimes that is documented in the Uniform Crime Reports? | Simple Assault |
| Which theory considers crime a product of transitional neighborhoods that manifest value conflict? | Social Disorganization |
| Criminal law is structured to reflect the preferences of those who hold social power, according to which view of crime? | the Interactionist view |
| Index crimes are a key unit of analysis in which crime data source? | Uniform Crime Reports |
| Which crime theory focuses on a person's bonds to society as a factor in preventing crime? | Social Control |
| The term terror was first associated with unrest in *blank* in 1917. | Russia |
| In what year did Congress pass legislation authorizing the creation of the Department of Homeland Security? | 2002 |
| What is an advantage of a legal system based on the principle of stare decisis? | The system promotes stability and certainty in legal decisions |
| What is NOT a source of criminal law? | The New Testament |
| A *blank* is the term for an irregular military band located in rural areas that attack military, police, and government targets. | Guerilla |
| What was the name of the organized private police that patrolled 18th century England? | Thief Takers |
| What term is used to describe organized groups of detectives who decieve criminals into openly committing illegal acts or conspiring to engage in criminal activity? | Sting Operations |
| English police officers are known as bobbies because: | Sir Robert (Bobbie) Peel was responsible for their creation |
| What federal program supported innovative research on police work and advanced training for police officers during the 1970's? | Law enforcement Assistance Administration |
| Community-orientated policing links police effectiveness to: | Productive interaction with the community being served |
| As of 2003, approx. what percent of local law enforcement officers were members of African American, Hispanic, or other non-white ethnic groups? | 25 percent |
| The Kansas City Gun Experiment was an example of: | A police crackdown targeting a specific type of crime problem |
| What describes the experience of black officers who must deal with the expectation that they will give member of their own race a break, while at the same times experiencing overt racism from their police colleagues? | Double marginality |
| The term "blue curtain" describes: | The secrecy and insulation from others in society that is a consequence of the police subculture |
| What is not one of the six core beliefs at the heart of the belief culture? | Patrol work is the best assignment, since it gives officers the chance to be heroes in the eyes of the public |
| Crime and violence have been common since the nation was first formed. | True |
| Most Criminal cases are processes through the entire formal justice system. | False |
| The justice perspective advocates judges consider extra-legal factors in sentencing | False |
| During the past decade the crime control and justice perspectives have dominated in criminal justice. | True |
| It is estimated that there are 75,000 gang members in the US. | False |
| Self-report data findings show that people commit far fewer crimes than those projected by official statistics. | True |
| Laws created and retroactively enforced are ex post facto laws. | True |
| The nature and definition of due process remains unchanging across historical time periods | True |
| The Department of Homeland Security is responsible for securing our nation's borders and transportation systems. | True |
| One criticism of private policing is that it could eventually replace government. | True |
| The detective bureau is considered the backbone of policing. | False |
| Large urban police departments made no noticeable gains in the recruitment of minority police officers during the 1990's. | False |
| More than 50% of citizens who experience force at the hands of the police report an injury | False |
| In the landmark case Tennessee v. Garner, the U.S. Supreme Court outlawed deadly use of force by police. | False |
| The number of police officers killed in the line of duty trended downward during the 1990s. | True |
| The (BLANK) is the term used to describe the process through which large numbers of cases are systematically filtered out of the formal criminal justice process. | Criminal Justice Funnel |
| Millions of misdemanors, such as disorderly conduct, shoplifting, public drunkeness, and minor assult comprise level (BLANK) of the CJ wedding cake. | four (IV) |
| (BLANK) is another name for the eight index crimes from the Uniform Crime Reports. | Part I crimes |
| (BLANK) mandate like in prision without the possibility of parole after a third felony conviction | Three Strikes Law |
| The M'Naughten Rule established standards for the (BLANK) defense, and is used in the majority of the states. | Insanity |
| The (BLANK) amendment has been used in the past to argue that the death penalty is cruel and unusual | Eighth |
| The (BLANK) is the highest ranking office in the justice department | U.S. Attorney General |
| A (BLANK) is an operation designed to encourage and observe criminal behaviors so the officers can make an arrest | Sting |
| The (BLANK)rule is the oldest standard relating to the use of deadly force, dating back to English Common Law. | Fleeing Felon |
| One perspective on the causes of police corruption holds that it is a product of society's moral (BLANK) towards the vice-related behavior that police are sworn to control. | Ambivalence |
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sarahmitrano