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A&P Ch. 19
Cardiovascular System & Blood Vessels
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Three Major Types of Blood Vessels? | Arteries, Veins, & Capillaries |
| What do Capillaries do? | Point of Exchange between blood and tissues |
| What is the Tunica Interna? | Simple Squamous epithelium, Lines inner most layer of vessel. |
| What is the Tunica Media? | Smooth muscle layer, controld vasoconsriction and vasodilation. |
| What is the Tunica Externa? | Outer most layer of vessel, made up of collegen fibers for support and reinforcement. |
| What are charecteristics of arteries? | Carry blood away from the heart, have thicker wall than veins, Active in vaso dilation and constriction, higher pressure than veins, smallest arteries are atrioles. |
| What are charecteristics of capillaries? | Smallest of the blood vessels, allow diffusion in and out of blood, allow only a single RBC to pass at a time, thin tunica interna |
| Where does filtration occur? | At atriole end, blood pressure causes flud to flow out of capillaries into the interstitial space. |
| Where does reabsorbtion occur? | At venule end, osmotic pressure causes fluid to flow back into capillaries |
| What are charecteristics of veins? | Much lower BP, thinner walls, large diameter, smallest veins are venules, valves prevent backflow, Muscles assist w/ vaso return, not active in dilation & constriction |
| Name order of vessel flow starting from the heart. | Heart, Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Tissues, Capillaries, Vunules, Veins |
| T/F- Blood pressure increases with distance from the heart. | False, it decreases |
| Name 4 factors that effect blood pressure. | Heart rate/force, Blood volume, Peripheral resistance, Viscosity of blood |
| What is Hypotension? | Systolic BP below 100 mm Hg. |
| What is hypertension? | Sustained arterial pressure of 140/90 or higher, Chronic elevation can result in heart failure, vascular disease, renal failure, and stroke |
| What is orthostatic hypotension? | Temporary low BP and dizziness when suddenly rising from a sitting/recling position. |
| What is chronic hypotension? | From poor nutrition or a warning sign for Addison's disease (not enough cortisol) |
| What is acute hypotension? | Important sign of ciculatory shock, threat to surgery and intensive care patients. |
| What is Arteriosclerosis? | "Hardening" of arteries, arteries lose elasticity |
| What is Atherosclerosis? | Plaque build-up in arteris that decreases or blocks blood flow |
| What are Varicose veins? | Weakened veins that swell and bulge |
| What is circulatory shock? | Inadequate blood flow to meet tissue needs |
| What is Hypovolemic shock? | Type of circulatory shock resulting from large-scale blood loss |
| What is vascular shock? | Type of circulatory shock resulting from extreme vasodilation |
| Condition which heart cannot sustain adequate circulation | Cardiogenic shock |
Created by:
Joshdole04
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