Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Ch 6 vocab+keypoints
ch 6 packet
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Deductive reasoning | Descartes if someting is true of a class, then that truth applies to all members of that class |
| Inductive reasoning | Bacon reasoning process by which a person starts from particular experiences and proceeds to generalizations |
| Empiricism | Bacon's theory inductive reasoning |
| Cogito Ergo Sum | "I think, therefore I am." -Descartes, fundamental element of Western Philosophy |
| Leonardo da Vinci | artist and scientist(anatomy+biology) |
| Montaigne | French author; modern skepticism; created new genre: the essay |
| Instauratio Magna | Great Renewal; Bacon's book of knowledge |
| Novum Organum | part of Instauratio Magna; contains new method of acquiring knowledge(inductive method) |
| The Advancement of Learning | part of Instauratio Magna; 1623; insisted also that true knowledge is useful knowledge |
| The New Atlantis | 1627; Bacon portrayed a scientific utopia whose inhabitants enjoyed a perfect society through knowledge |
| Discourse on Method | Descartes(1637); ideas(full of doubt); deductive reasoning; "Cartesian dualism" |
| Vesalius | Flemish anatomist who reviewed and modernized the study of anatomy(with the book "The Structure of the Human Body" 1543) |
| William Harvey | "On the Movement of the Heart and Blood" 1628; it explains the blood flow through arteries and veins |
| Heliocentric Theory | the idea that the sun is the center of the universe and all planets revolve around it; Copernicus |
| Tycho Brahe | astrologist who interpreted the starry sky for kings; greatest authority on the actual positions and movements of the heavenly bodies in the generations immediately after Copernicus; didn't fully accept Copernicus' ideas |
| John Kepler | (astronomer)Tycho's assistant and follower; accepted and carried farther the Copernican theory; discovered that the orbits of planets are ellipses |
| Sir Isaac Newton | invented calculus; proved theories of gravity through it; established the idea that the earth is a well-regulated machine that works according to natural laws |
| Nicholas Copernicus | heliocentric theory; published "On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Orbs" right before death so he wasn't persecuted |
| Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy | Newton; all motion can be timed and measured on earth and the rest of the solar system with the same mathematical equations |
| Galileo | built telescope(1609) and discovered that the moon looked rough and confirmed that it was made of actual material, not just light; charged w/heresy and made a public apology |
| Leeuwenhoek | used microscope to become first to see blood corpuscles, spermatozoa, and bacteria |
| On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Orbs | Copernicus(1543); heliocentric theory proved through mathematical demonstration |
| Pierre Bayle | greatest spokesman of skepticism |
| Edmund Halley | identified that comets returned and predicted when they would; he observed a comet that returned about every 76 years and is named Halley's comet today |
| Jean Mabillon | French monk/scholar; founder of diplomatics-very controversial; established paleography which deals with the deciphering, reading, dating, and authentication of manuscripts |
| Essay Concerning the Human Understanding | Locke(1690); argued for empiricism and held that the mind is a black tablet at birth and then it shapes itself into what people think or believe |
| paleography | science which deals with the deciphering, reading, dating, and authentication of manuscripts |
| numismatics | study or collection of currency |
| chronology | timeline arrangement |
| Richard Simon | French priest; wrote "Critical History of the Old Testament", Biblical critic |
| Gregorian Calendar | internationally accepted calendar(Pope Gregory XIII) |
| Letter on Toleration | John Locke; relationship between religion and government; advocated established church w/toleration to all but Roman Catholics and atheists |
| Reasonableness of Christianity | Locke; argued that Christianity is a reasonable form of religion; theologians cannot find good by themselves |
| Archbishop James Usher | Church of Ireland Archbishop; published the timeline of the time and date of creation; 4004 B.C. was creation of world |
| Samuel Pufendorf | German philosopher; "Law of Nature and of Nations"-no working together for the common good |
| Leviathan | Hobbes 1651; describes the government as a leviathan(monster mentioned in Bible); ruler must be absolute |
| Two Treatises of Government | Locke 1680; created to protect life, liberty, and property |
| John Locke | English philosopher; father of liberalism; American Constitution ideas creator; people had natural rights;social contract |
| The 17th century has also been called what? | century of genius |
| What event had repercussions for beyond the realm of pure science? | the scientific revolution of the 17th century |
| Who helped develop the scientific view of the world and emphasized the use of scientific knowledge for practical purposes? | Bacon and Descartes |
| In what field of science did the most astonishing scientific revolution take place? | physics and astronomy |
| although Newton and other scientists continued to believe in the existence of God, the old feeling of dependantcy on divine powers and judgements lost much of its force. | yes |
| What became a model on which many thinkers hoped to refashion human society? | the physical universe revealed by science |
| What has the revolution accomplished from Copernicus to Newton been called? | the greatest spiritual adjustment that the early modern centuries had to make |
| What undermined the Old Europe? | The growing involvement with other cultures |
| What led to a new sense of the relative nature of human institutions? | exposure to the variety of human manners and customs |
| The new views of humanity and of nature began to undermine the old certainties of European life, particularly what? | Christianity |
| Who was the most profoundly disturbing of all the thinkers of the age? | Baruch Spinoza |
| In his writings, who summarized many of the intellectual trends of his lifetime and exerted an immense influence on the future? | John Locke |
Created by:
JamieFunk
Popular European History sets