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CNS Drug Names
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| TCA's (3) | Elavil, Norpramin, and Tofranil |
| What are the four different types of antidpressants | TCA, MAOI, SSRI, SNRI |
| How long does it take for antidepressants to take effect. | Maximum effect usually takes 4-6 weeks with the first response within 1-2 weeks |
| Discontinuation Syndrome | 1.Emotional instability 2.Excessive crying 3.Anxiety 4.Irritability 5.Sleep disturbances |
| What are two common drug interactions of TCA's? | 1. Aspirin--> both of the meds bind to plasma proteins so they compete against each other so it is like taking an overdoseand 2. Tagamet--> impairs metabolism of TCA’s by the liver so like an overdose |
| How are most drugs able to pass through the blood brain barrier? | Generally, drugs must be nonpolar and lipid soluble to passively diffuse. |
| what central neurotransmitters are responsible for excitation in the CNS? (4) | Acetylcholine, Glutamate, Substance P, and Enkephalins |
| what central neurotransmitters are responsible for inhibition in the CNS? (5) | Norepinephrine, Dopamine, Seratonin, GABA, and Glycine |
| What role does Acetylcholine have in the brain? | cognition and memory |
| what role does Dopamine play in the brain? | it is associated with regulating motor control as well as influencing mood and emotions. |
| What effect does Norepinephrine have in the CNS? | It is considered an inhibitory transmitter but the overall effects are often excitation due to it inhibiting other neurons that produce inhibition |
| What role does 5-HT play in the brain? | it mediates the inhibition of painful stimuli as well as controlling many aspects of mood and behavior. |
| Major Depressive Disorder emotional effects | Sadness, low mood, loss of interest in enjoyable activity, loss of motivation, social withdraw, feeling of worthlessness/pessimism, suicidal thoughts, difficulty with decision making or concentration |
| Major Depressive disorder physical symptoms | Sleep disturbances( insomnia/hypersomnia), eating disturbances, vague aches and pains, headaches, feelings of constant fatigue |
| what are some other coexisting conditions related to MDD? | cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, peptic ulcers, diabetes |
| Monoamine Hypothesis | pt’s were given a drug reserpine to control hypertension and it was found to cause depression because it inhibited the storage and the release of serotonin and norepinephrine |
| Adverse drug reactions of TCA's | Antagonist to parasympathetic receptors leads to sympathetic like symptoms Drymouth Tachycardia Constipation Urinary retention Orthostatic hypotension Sexual dysfunction decrease libido to being impotent |
| MAOI's (2) | Marplan and Nardil |
| How do MAOI's work and what are adverse drug effects? | by inhibiting(non-selectively)the MAO enzyme causing an overstimulation of the CNS that leads to restlessness, irratibility, confusion, and sleeplessness |
| Why do you need to have a strict diet when taking MAOI's? | some foods containing tyramine such as Red wine, coffee, tea, colas with caffine, figs, raisins, other dried fruit, chocolate, cheese, and pepperoni can lead to a life-threatening hypertensive crisis |
| SSRI's (5) | Paxil, Lexipro, Celexa, Prozac(long half-life used for nonadherant pt's) and Zoloft |
| What do SSRI's mainly treat and what are the adverse drug reactions? | Major Depressive Disorder or anxiety disorders. They can cause bleeding and bruising and sexual dysfunction |
| SNRI's (3) | Cimbalta, Effexor, Pristiq |
| What are the different doses used for SNRI's? | Low doses it acts like SSRI but given at higher doses it affects NE which is an added benefit for people who aren't responding. |
| Seratonin Syndrome | Occurs when you mix an SNRI with an MAOI or migrain medication (triptans) and you can get hallucinations, tachycardia, increased body temp, swings in BP, nausea/vomiting, or coma and death |
Created by:
badkins6
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