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sexy rad tech
finals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is mass? | The quantity of matter as described by its energy equivalence. Its measured in (kg) |
| What is matter? | Is anything that occupies space and has mass. Fundamental blocks of matter are: atoms and molecules |
| What is energy? | Is the ability to do work. |
| Ionization | Is the removal of an electron from an atom with which it interacts. |
| Radiation | Is the transfer of energy. Energy emitted and transferred through space is RADIATION. the sound is a form of radiation. |
| Exposed or irradiated | Matter that intercepts radiation and absorbs part or all of it is said to be irradiated. During a radiographic examination, the patient is exposed to x-rays. The patient is said to be irradiated. |
| Ion pair | The orbital electron and the atom from which it was separated. The electron is a negative ion and the remaining atom is a positive ion. |
| Ionizing radiation | Any type of energy that is capable of ionizing matter |
| Electromagnetic radiation | X-rays, gamma rays, and ultraviolet light are the only forms of |
| Ionizing radiation 2 main categories: | natural environmental radiation and man-made radiation. |
| Natural environmental radiation | results in an annual dose of approximately 300 millirem(mrem) (3 millisievert {mSAv}) |
| Man-made radiation | results in approximately60 mrem (0.6 mSv) |
| rem | is the unit of radiation equivalent man. mrem is 1/1000 of a rem |
| Natural environmental radiation | consists of 3 components: cosmic rays, terrestrial radiation and internally deposited radionuclides. The largest dose is radon. |
| Radon | is a radioactive gas that is produced by the natural radioactive decay of uranium, which is present in trace quantities in the Earth. |
| Cardinal principles of radiation control | time, distance, and shielding |
| Always practice ALARA | Keep radiation exposures As Low As Reasonably Achievable |
| Filtration | Metal filters, usually aluminum or copper are inserted into the x-ray tube housing so that low energy x-rays are absorbed before the reach the patient. they have little diagnostic value. |
| Collimation | restricts the useful x-ray beam to the part of the body to be imaged and spares adjacent tissue from unnecessary exposure. It also reduces scatter radiation and improves image contrast. |
| Intensifying Screens | Examinations conducted with radiographic intensifying screens reduce exposure of the patient to x-rays by more than 95% compared with examinations conducted without radiographic intensifying screens |
| Protective Apparel | Lead aprons and gloves |
| Gonadal Shielding | Should be used with all persons of childbearing age when the gonads are in or near the useful x-ray beam and when use of such shielding will not interfere with the diagnostic value of the examination |
| Protective Barriers | xxxx |
| PHYSICS | is the study of interactions of matter and energy in all their diverse forms |
| Base quantities are: | mass, length and time |
| Secondary quantities | are called derived quantities because they are derived from ta combination of one or more of the three base quantities. |
| Special quantities are: | those of exposure, dose, equivalent dose and radioactivity |
| The meter | is based on the speed of light |
| Every measurement has 2 parts: | a magnitude and a unit |
| Mechanics | is a segment of physics that deals with objects at rest (statics) and objects in motion (dynamics) |
| Velocity | speed, is a measure of how fast something is moving or, more precisely, the rate of change of its position with time. |
| Weight | is a force on a body caused by the pull of gravity on it. Units of weight are the same as those for force: newtons and pounds. It is the product of mass and the acceleration of gravity on Earth: 1 lb =4.5N |
| Momentum | is the product of mass of an object x velocity |
| Work | applying a force over a distance. Unit is Joule (j). When you lift a cassette you are doing work. It is the product of force and distance. |
| X-rays | ionizing electromagnetic radiation |
| Newtons Law of Motion | 1)Inertia = a body at rest will remain at rest and a body in motion will continue in motion until acted on by an outside force |
| 2) Force= the force applied to move an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by the acceleration | |
| 3) Action/Reaction= For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction |
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