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Autonomics-1.4
Pharmocology-Autonomics1.4/chemicaltransmission&drugactionCNS
Question | Answer |
---|---|
fast neurotransmitters? | ligand-gated ion channels (GABA and glutamate) |
slow neuroransmitters? | G-protien coupled receptors (DA and neuropeptides) |
which act through both g-protien and ligand gated ion channels? | Ach, 5HT, and glutamate |
glutamate? | excitatiry, high in CNS and little elswhere, Ca dependent excytosis. |
what are the 4 EAA receptors? | NMDA, AMPA, Kainite, Metabotropic. All are ligand gated, except metabotropic is g-protien |
NMDA receptor requires what modulators? | glycine and glutamate to control Ca entry |
NMDA and AMPA facilitation? | act in sites different than glutamate binding site. some agents block glycine from binding (antagonist) |
what is ketamine? | anesthetic, blocks the channel itself so no Ca can get through. |
GABA? | inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. formed from glutamate, two types of receptors, GABA A and B. |
GABA A receptor? | postsynaptic, coupled to Cl channel, opening reduces excitability. |
what drugs react with GABA A receptors? | benzodiazepines (agonist that bind to accessory binding site), picrotoxin (convulsants block anion channel), neurosteriods (progesterone metabolites), CNS depressants (barbiturates facilitate GABA) |
GABA B receptors? | g-protien coupled, inhibit cAMP formation. pre and post synaptic inhibition by inhibiting Ca channel opening, and inc K conducance. |
Baclofen? | GABA B receptor agonist to treat spasticity. (antagonists are not of clinical use) |
Glycine? | neurotransmitter in SC acting on it's own receptor, functionaly resemble GABA A receptors. |
strychnine? | competative glycine antagonist, convulsant drug |
Tetanus toxin? | interfere with glycine release |