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Heiman.pharm.HTN.1
Thiazide Diuretics
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Mechanism | Inhibition of tubular resorption of Na and Cl ions via inhibition of a NaCl transport mechanism. Act in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle and the early distal tubule. Results in water, Na, and Cl excretion. Some K is excreted |
Kinetics | Good oral absorption. Some liver metabolism. Longer half-life than loop diuretics. |
Adverse Effects | Orthostatic hypotension. Dizziness. Drowsiness. Nausea. GI irritation. Electrolyte imbalances. Elevated glucose levels. Headache. Rash. |
Cautions | May predispose to gout (inhibit uric acid excretion). Women have a greater decrease in serum K than men. May possibly worsen SLE. May lead to hypercalcemia. |
Names | Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril). Chlorothiazide (Diuril). Chlorthalidone (Hygroton). Indapamide (Lozol). Metolazone (Zaroxolyn). Methyclothiazide (Enduron). |