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Amendments
Constitutional Amendments
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Amendment I | Freedom of religion, speech & press. Right to petition government & to assemble. |
| Amendment II | Right to bear arms. |
| Amendment III | Right not to have to quarter soldiers. |
| Amendment IV | Protection from unreasonable search & seizure. Warrants for search & seizure must be specific. |
| Grand Jury | Large jury (usually 23 citizens) that determines if there is enough evidence to charge a defendent with a crime. |
| Petit Jury | Trial jury (usually 6-12) citizens that decides the facts in a civil or criminal case. |
| Indictment | Formal criminal charge issued by a grand jury when a prosecutor has enough evidence for trial. |
| Presentment | Formal criminal charge issued by a grand jury independent of a prosecutor. |
| Amendement V | Can't be held for crime w/o presentment or indictment by grand jury (not military). Can't be tried 2X for same crime. Can't be forced to witness against self. Can't be deprived of life, liberty or property w/o due process of law. Eminent domain. |
| Amendment VI | For criminal cases, right to speedy trial by impartial jury of state in which crime was committed. Right to be informed of charges against & confront witnesses against. Right to gather witnesses. Right to counsel. |
| Amendment VII | For civil cases, right to a jury trial in controversies exceeding $20. Jury rulings are not reexaminable in any court for civil cases. |
| Amendment VIII | Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fees imposed (doesn't apply to punitive damages in private lawsuits, only government fines). No cruel & unusual punishment. |
| Amendment IX | Listing certain rights in the Constitution does not not make other rights invalid. |
| Amendement X | Powers not granted to the US by the Constitution nor prohibited by the states will fall to the states or to the people. |
| Amendment XI | Citizens cannot sue a state. |
| Amendment XII | Electors meet in own states & vote for Pres & VP distinctly, can't vote for those from their state. HOR chooses Pres if no majority with 2/3 quorum & majority vote. VP elect serves as Pres until Pres chosen. Senate chooses VP if no majority, same rules. |
| Amendment I | Freedom of religion, speech & press. Right to petition government & to assemble. |
| Amendment II | Right to bear arms. |
| Amendment III | Right not to have to quarter soldiers. |
| Amendment IV | Protection from unreasonable search & seizure. Warrants for search & seizure must be specific. |
| Grand Jury | Large jury (usually 23 citizens) that determines if there is enough evidence to charge a defendent with a crime. |
| Petit Jury | Trial jury (usually 6-12) citizens that decides the facts in a civil or criminal case. |
| Indictment | Formal criminal charge issued by a grand jury when a prosecutor has enough evidence for trial. |
| Presentment | Formal criminal charge issued by a grand jury independent of a prosecutor. |
| Amendement V | Can't be held for crime w/o presentment or indictment by grand jury (not military). Can't be tried 2X for same crime. Can't be forced to witness against self. Can't be deprived of life, liberty or property w/o due process of law. Eminent domain. |
| Amendment VI | For criminal cases, right to speedy trial by impartial jury of state in which crime was committed. Right to be informed of charges against & confront witnesses against. Right to gather witnesses. Right to counsel. |
| Amendment VII | For civil cases, right to a jury trial in controversies exceeding $20. Jury rulings are not reexaminable in any court for civil cases. |
| Amendment VIII | Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fees imposed (doesn't apply to punitive damages in private lawsuits, only government fines). No cruel & unusual punishment. |
| Amendment IX | Listing certain rights in the Constitution does not not make other rights invalid. |
| Amendement X | Powers not granted to the US by the Constitution nor prohibited by the states will fall to the states or to the people. |
| Amendment XI | Citizens cannot sue a state. |
| Amendment XII | Electors meet in own states & vote for Pres & VP distinctly, can't vote for those from their state. HOR chooses Pres if no majority with 2/3 quorum & majority vote. VP elect serves as Pres until Pres chosen. Senate chooses VP if no majority, same rules. |
| Amendment XIII | Slavery abolished & Congress has power to enforce. |
| Amendment XIV - Section I | Anyone born or naturalized in US are citizens of US & state they reside. States can't make laws that deny privileges & immunities of US citizens or deny equal protection under laws or deprive anyone of life, liberty or property without due process of law. |
| Amendment XIV - Section II | Representatives of states apportioned according to population w/all people counting as one except untaxed Indians. Right to vote granted to all male citizens 21 older. Vote can be denied to members/supporters of rebellion against US & criminals. |
| Amendement XIV - Section III | No person who was an elected official or who held a state or federal office and commits treason shall ever hold office again. |
| Amendment XIV - Section IV | Validates debt occurred while suppressing rebellion (Civil War) & denies payment to anybody involved in rebellion against US. Forbids compensation for slave emancipation. |
| Amendment XIV - Section V | Congress has power to enforce Amendment XIV. |
| Amendment XV | Right to vote regardless of race to all US citizens. Congress has power to enforce. |
| Amendment XVI | Congress has power to lay & collect income taxes. |
| Amendment XVII | Senators shall be elected by the people for 6 year terms w/each state having 2 senator who will have one vote each. States shall decide qualifications of senators. Governors can appoint Senator to fill vacancy until elections can be held. |
| Amendment XVIII | Prohibition enforceable by states and Congress with 7 year time limit for states to ratify this amendment. |
| Amendment XIX | Right to vote for women with Congress having power to enforce. |
| Amendment XX | Prevents lame duck status for Pres, VP, Senate & HOR by declaring Jan dates of term ends. Congress must meet once per year in Jan. Sets rules for selecting Pres if he dies or not chosen by inauguration date. |
| Amendment XXI | Repeals prohibition (18th Amendment). Persons may not violate state laws regarding transportation of alcohol. This amendment must be ratified by conventions in several states within 7 years of submission. |
| Amendment XXII | No person shall be elected to Presidency more than twice. No person who has held office of Presidency or acted as President for more than 2 years shall be elcted to Presidency more than once. Amendment XXII must be ratified by 3/4 of state legis. w/i 7 yr |
| Amendment XXIII | District of Columbia shall have electors just like a state and at least equal to that of the least populous state. Congress shall have power to enforce. |
| Amendment XXIV | Right to vote shall not be denied for failure to pay taxes (poll or other). Congress has power to enforce. |
| Amendment XXV | If Pres dies or is removed, VP shall be Pres. If VP office becomes vacant, Pres shall nominate VP who is confirmed by Congress. Rules if Pres becomes incapacitated. Rules for when Pres feels ready to serve again & if there is discrepancy. |
| Amendment XXVI | Right to vote for all citizens 18 and older. Congress has power to enforce. |
| Amendment XXVII | No law varying the salary for Congress shall take effect until an election of representatives can intervene. |
Created by:
khurst1@wgu.edu
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