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Chapert 10
Chapters 10, 11, 12, and 24
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Most pulmonary medications are designed to make breathing easier by causing? | Bronchodilation and reducing inflammation. |
| Common respiratory diseases that respond to bronchodilators include? | 1. Asthma 2. Emphysema |
| Asthma and emphysema are COPD'S which stand for? | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| Many pulmonary medications are administered by inhalation via? | Metered - dose inhaler (MDI) |
| Administration of MDI's is measured in? | Puffs |
| Common fast acting Bronchodilators (NSAID) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs include? | 1. albuterol 2. Proventil 3. Ventolin 4. ProAir 5. aminophylline 6. epinephrine aka Primatene Mist 7. Alupent 8. Maxair 9. terbutaline aka Brethine 10. theophylline (theo) aka Elixophyllin or Theo-25 11. Atrovent 12. Serevent |
| Long acting bronchodilators should never be used alone in the treatment of asthma and should be used for the? | Shortest duration of time. |
| Long duration is associated with an increased risk of? | Severe worsening of asthma symptoms |
| Leukotriene blockers reduce allergy related asthma and include? | Singular |
| (SAID'S) = steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs designed to reduce the incidence of asthma include? | 1. Asmanex 2. Pulmicort 3. Azmacort 4. Flovent |
| Medications containing a bronchodilator and SAID used to treat asthma include? | 1. Symboicort 2. Advair 3. Combivent |
| MDI medication to treat asthma and emphysema is? | Spiriva |
| Intradermal skin test used to detect TH exposure include? | 1. PPD 2. Mantoux 3. tine |
| Antituberculine (TB) medications include? | 1. INH aka insoniazid 2. Ricadin aka rifamoin 3. Myambutol aka ethambutol |
| MDRTB | multidrug resistant tuberculosis |
| Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) include? | 1. Habitrol 2. Nicoderm NTP = nicotine Transdermal patch 3. Nicotette 4. Nocotrol |
| Non-nicotine smoking cessation drug include? | 1. clonidine aka Catapres 2. Zyban (ban on smoking) Zyban is also used as an antidepressant 3. Chantix |
| Mucolytics are used for? | Break up mucus in the lungs for easier expectoration. |
| A common mucolytic is? | Mucomyst |
| Mucomyst (Acetadote) is also used as an? | Acetaminophen (APAP) antagonist |
| Common trade name for acetaminophen is? | Tylenol |
| Pneumovax is used for? | prophylactically prevent streptococcal pneumonia |
| CHF stands for? | Congestive Heart Failure |
| CHF indicates a? | "Weak pump" |
| Causes of CHF includes? | 1. Heredity 2. Smoking 3. Excess fat in diet (obesity) 4. Sedentary lifestyle 5. Age 6. MI(s) 7. Valvular |
| As the heart weakens the amount of blood the heart ejects lessens and the heart rate? | Increases |
| Signs of CHF includes? | 1. Pedal edema 2. Pulmonary edema |
| Medication that slows the heart rate and stimulates the heart to beat more forcefully is called? | 1. Lanoxin 2. Digitek 3. Lanoxicaps |
| The generic name for Lanoxin, Digitek, and Lanoxicaps is? | dixgoxin (dig) |
| Lanoxin, Digitek, Lanoxicaps (digoxin) has a narrow TI which means? | the margin between the therapeutic level and toxic level is very narrow. |
| Patients taking digoxin get routine blood tests called? | dig levels |
| Signs of digitalis toxicity include? | Bradycardia and yellow-green halos around lights |
| Lanoxin, Digitek, or Lanoxicaps (digoxin) is commonly administered in combination with a diuretic called? | furosemide aka Lasix |
| Lasix (furosemide) causes an excessive loss of the electrolyte? | Potassium |
| The abbreviation of potassium is? | K |
| K is measured in | mEq = milliequivillents |
| Thoracodynia caused coronary ischemia is called? | Angina pectoris |
| The coronary ischemia is caused by? | Stenosis (narrowing) of the coronary arteries. |
| Causes of atherosclerosis include? | 1. Heredity 2. Smoking 3. Excessive fat in the diet (obesity) 4. Sedentary life style 5. Age |
| Many antianginals work by causing the coronary ateries to? | Vasodilate |
| Antianginals include? | 1. mitroglycerin aka Nitrostat or Nitro Dur 2. Isosorbide (sore heart) aka Isordil 3. antenolol aka Tenormin 4. metoprolol aka Lopressor or Toprol 5. nadolol aka Corgard 6. propranolol aka Inderal (Inderal does it all) |
| Antianginals continued? | 7. amlodipine aka Norvase 8. nicardipine aka Cardene 9. nifedipine aka Adalat or Procardia 10. verapamil aka Calan 11. diltiazem aka Cardizem |
| The abbreviations for nitroglycerin include? | NTG, nitro |
| NTG is routinely administered? | sublingually (SL) transdermally intravenously (IV) |
| Antiarrhythmic medications are prescribed to treat? | Cardiac dysrhytmias. |
| Cardiac dysrhythmias are? | Abnormalities in the condition of electrical impulses in the heart. |
| Antiarrhythmics include? | 1. Norpace aka disopyramide 2. Betapace 3. procainamide aka Pronestyl 4. Rythmol 5. propranolol aka Inderal (Inderal does it all) 6. diltilazem aka Cardizem 7. verapamil aka Calan 8. clonidine aka Catapres 9. digoxin aka Lanoxin,Digitek, |
| HTN | Hypertension |
| Hypertension refers to? | Chronic high blood pressure |
| HHD stands for? | Hypertensive heart disease |
| Medications prescribed to lower blood pressure are called? | Antihypertensive |
| Common cause of hypertension (HTN) include? | 1. atherosclerosis 2. kidney disease 3. Poor stress management 4. excess salt, caffeine nicotine and alcohol |
| Hypertension of unknown causes is called? | Primary, essential, idiopathic hypertension. |
| Antihypertensives include? | 1.Diovan 2.Cozaar 3.Benicar 4.Hyzaar aka losartan + hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 5.Avapro 6.metoprolol aka Lopressor or Toprol 7.propranolol aka Inderal 8.antenolol aka Tenormin 9.nadolol aka Corgard 10.amiodipine aka Norvasc |
| Antihypertensive continued? | 11.nicardipine aka Cardene 12.nifedipine aka Adalat or Procardia 13.diltilazem aka Cardizem 14.verapamil aka Calan 15.clonidine aka Catapres 16.Minipress 17.Capoten 18.Lotensin 19.Hytrin |
| Hyperlipidemia means? | a blood condition of excessive fat |
| Fats that can cause disease of the heart and blood vessels include? | 1. Cholesterol 2. Triglycerides 3. Trans-fatty acids |
| These fats are considered? | Saturated |
| Medications prescribed to lower the amount of circulating fat in the blood are called? | Antihyperlipidemics (statins) |
| Antihyperlipidemics (statins) include? | 1. Lipitor 2. Crestor 3. Pravachol 4. Zocor 5. Lopid 6. niacin aka Niaspan 7. trilipix |
| The combination of Norvasc (amlodipine) Lipitor is called? | Caduet |
| An omega-3 supplement for hypertriglyceridemia is called? | Lovaza |
| Anticoagulants decrease the body ability to form? | Thrombi (clots) |
| Abnormal thrombus formation can lead to floating clots called? | Emboli |
| Emboli can become lodged in a stenosed artery and cause? | Infarcts |
| Common infarcts include? | 1. mycardial infarction (MI) a MI is aka a heart attack or coronary 2. Cerebral vascular accident (CVA) aka a stroke. |
| Layperson called anticoagulants? | Blood thinners. |
| Common anticoagulant medications include? | 1. heparin 2. warfarin aka Coumadin 3. Plavix 4. ASA 5. dipyridamold aka Persantine 6. Lovenox |
| Plavix ix a common prophylaxis? | MI and CVA |
| Plavix use has been linked to? | Thrombotic thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) |
| TTP can cause? | Bleeding tendencies Hypochromic anemia and kidney failure. |
| Bleeding problems can occur if ASA or Coumadin (warfarin) is combined with? | Gingko biloba , garlic, ginger and NSAIDS |
| Thrombolytic (tPA) medications are administered to? | Break up thrombi already formed. |
| Common thrombolytic (tPA) medications include? | 1. streptokinase aka Streptase 2. alteplase aka Activase 3. teneceplase aka |
| A drug administered as a heparin antagonist is called? | Protamine sulfate |
| Medication used as coagulant is? | Vitamin K aka Mephyton |
| ACLS stands for? | Anvanced Cardiac Life Support |
| Emergency medications are commonly administered IVP | Intravenous push |
| Large dose of a medication may be administered IVP to quickly achieve a therapeutic level? | Bolus aka loading dose |
| Emergency medications can be administered via the? | Endotracheal tube (ET) |
| Emergency medication administered to stimulate the heart to beat (cardiac stimulant) and to bronchodilation? | epinephrine (epi) aka Adrenalin |
| Emergency medication administered to treat severe bradycardia? | atropine |
| Emergency antiarrhythmic drug is called? | lidocaine aka Xylocaine |
| Xylocaine(lidocaine)is also used as a? | Local anesthetic |
| Emergency medication administered to treat acidosis? | sodium bicarbonate |
| Sodium bicarbonate is abbreviated? | NaHCO3 (bicarb) |
| Emergency cardiac stimulant? | calcium chloride |
| Calcium chloride is abbrevation? | CaCl |
| Vasopressors are administered to treat severe? | Hypotension |
| Emergency Vasopressors include? | 1. epinephrine aka Adrenalin 2. dopamine aka Intropin 3. isoproterenal aka Isuprel 4. norepinephrine aka Levophed |
| Emetics are administered to induce? | Vomiting |
| Most commonly prescribed emetic is? | Syrup of Ipecac |
| Emergency medication usually administered via a N/G tube to absorb toxic substance in the stomach is? | Activated charcoal |
| Commonly prescribed emergency narcotic antagonist is? | naloxone aka Narcan |
Created by:
mystique
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