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(science)-AP Euro(3)
(science)- AP European History-2011 Gilstrap Mid-year Review
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Auguste Comte | (1798-1857) French philosopher. Developed positivism. Said human thought had 3 stages-theological, metaphysical, positive. |
Positivism | Theory created by Auguste Comte that says that theology and metaphysics are imperfect modes of knowledge and that positive knowledge is based on natural phenomena and their relations to empirical sciences |
Beatrice Webb | (1858-1943) British Fabian Society socialist. Created co-operative federalism and individualism. |
Thomas Henry Huxley | (1825-1895) English biologist who supported Darwin's theory of evolution. Said evolution was at odds with human ethical development. |
Jules Verne | (1828-1905) French writer. Created the science-fiction genre. |
Charles Darwin | (1809-1882) Created Social Darwinism, natural selection, and survival of the fittest. |
Natural Selection | Process by which traits become more or less common in a population due to consistent effects upon survival or reproduction. |
Alfred Russel Wallace | (1823-1913) Helped Charles Darwin creat natural selection. |
Gregor Mendel | (1822-1884) Austrian Monk. Studied heredity which showed variation among species. |
Social Darwinism | Theory created by Charles Darwin that says that the strong survive. "might makes right" |
"The Descent of Man" | Published in 1871. Explained the principle of evolution by natural selection to human beings. |
"On the Origin of Species" | Published in 1859. Explained natural selection and evolution. |
Herbert Spencer | (1820-1903) British philosopher. Advocate of revolutionary ethics. Said that society progresses through competition. |
Ernst Mach | (1838-1916) Said concepts should be descriptive of sensations, not the physical world. |
"The Science of Mechanics" | Published in 1883 by Ernst Mach. Said science should be explained by senses and observations, not the physical world. |
Henri Poincare | (1854-1912) French scientist. Said theories should be regarded as hypothetical constructs of the human mind rather than as true descriptions of nature. |
Hans Vaihinger | Suggested the concepts of science should be "as if" descriptions of the physical world. |
Wilhelm Roentgen | (1845-1923) Discovered x-rays, a form of energy that penetrated various opaque materials. |
Henri Becquerel | (1852-1908) 1896-discovered that uranium emitted a similar form of energy as x-rays. |
J. J. Thomson | (1856-1940) Formulated the theory of the electron. |
Ernest Rutherford | (1871-1937) Explained the cause of radiation through the disintegration of the atoms of radioactive materials. Speculated on the massive amount of energy stored in the atom. |
Max Planck | (1858-1947) Created the quantam theory of energy. (energy is a series of packets, not a continuous stream) |
Albert Einstein | (1879-1955) Said time and space and combined. Published papers on relativity. |
Werner Heisenberg | (1901-1976) Said the behavior of subatomic particles is a matter of probability, not exact. |