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Supreme Court Cases
Name these famous Supreme Court cases.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Everson v. Board of Eduction | The man thought that NJ's idea of reimbursing parents for transportation costs was unconstitutional because a large part of the schools were religious. The SCOTUS ruled that it was constitutional because the payments were not directed at any religion. |
| Lemon v. Kurtzman | Pennsylvania was reimbursing nonpublic schools for teacher salaries if they taught secular material. This was ruled unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause. This case also established the "Lemon test". |
| Westside School District v. Mergens | The person, a senior at the high school, wanted to form a Bible study club for after-school meetings. The school district sued, but in an 8-1 decision, the SCOTUS ruled that the club was okay, but the sponsor could not be paid. |
| Reynolds v. United States | The man in question wanted to practice bigamy, but this violated an existing law. He said that this law denied him his right to freely practice his religion. However, the SCOTUS ruled that religious duty was not a suitable exit to criminal indictment. |
| Employment Division v. Smith | The man had ingested peyote, an illegal drug, as part of a religious ceremony. He was then fired because of it. The state, Oregon, refused to give him unemployment benefits because of his crime. The SCOTUS ruled that Oregon could do this. |
| Schenck v. United States | The man was giving out letters to draftees during WWI trying to get them not to adhere to the draft. He was arrested. He claimed that his freedom of speech was violated, but SCOTUS ruled that it wasn't. The "Clear and Present Danger test" was established. |
| Tinker v. Des Moines | The student, along with friends, had worn black armbands to school in protest of the Vietnam War. The school board, however, had adopted a policy against this. The SCOTUS ruled that the student and his friends could wear these armbands. |
| Miller v. California | The man was distributing pornography, and was indited under a California law. The Supreme Court reaffirmed this, saying that pornography was not protect by the First Amendment. The "obscenity test" was established. |
| Texas v. Johnson | The man in question had burned an American flag at the 1984 Republican National Convention. He was indited, but the SCOTUS overruled this, saying that the First Amendment allows for flag burning as a form of free speech. |
| DC v. Heller | This planned lawsuit involved a man who had applied for gun rights but had been denied. He said that this was violating his 2nd Amendment rights, and sued. The SCOTUS ruled that it was a violation, and then incorporated the 2nd Amendment into the states. |
| Mapp v. Ohio | The woman in question had her house searched by police. They found obscene material in her house, and then arrested her for it. The SCOTUS ruled, however, that she could not be convicted because the evidence was gotten in violation of the 4th Amendment. |
| Gideon v. Wainwright | The man in question had supposedly robbed a local hotel in Florida. He was arrested and sentenced to 5 years in prison after he represented himself in trial. The SCOTUS ruled that the state had to give him an attorney. The man was acquitted. |
| Miranda v. Arizona | The man in question was charged with the kidnapping and rape of an 18-year-old girl. After 2 hours of questioning, he signed a paper saying he was aware of his rights, but he wasn't told them. SCOTUS overturned the conviction and made the namesake rights. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | Louisiana passed a law requiring whites and blacks to have separate but equal railroad cars. The man in question refused to ride in the blacks' car, and rode the whites'. He was jailed. The SCOTUS upheld the law because the separate cars were equal. |
| Korematsu v. United States | The man in question refused to obey Executive Order 9066 and did not go to his internment camp. He was arrested and jailed for violating the law. The SCOTUS upheld the law, saying that the current times (WWII) called for measures not currently taken. |
| Brown v. Board of Education | A class action suit was filed against the local school board by 13 parents on behalf of their 20 children. They said that school segregation violated the Equal Protection Clause. The court ruled that it was, and made school segregation unconstitutional. |
| Regents of the University of California v. Bakke | The man had been denied admittance to the university, while other minority applicants with lower test scores were accepted. The man sued, saying this violated the Equal Protection Clause. SCOTUS ruled that race could be A factor but not THE factor. |
| Griswold v. Connecticut | The man had broken his state's law that prevented the use of any contraceptive. He sued, and the SCOTUS granted certiorari. The court said, in its decision, that this law was unconstitutional because it violated the Ninth Amendment's right to privacy. |
| Roe v. Wade | The woman in question wanted to get an abortion, yet this violated a Texas statute against such acts. She sued, saying this violated her rights. The SCOTUS said that it did; the right to privacy protects abortions that occur before viability. |
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