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SS. CH 10 VOCAB
Question | Answer |
---|---|
plaintiff | an individual or a group of people who bring a complaint against another party |
defendant | the party who answers a complaint and defends against it |
prosecution | a government body that brings a criminal charge against a defendant who is accused of breaking one of its laws |
precedent | a guideline for how all similar cases should be decided in the future |
original jurisdiction | the authority to hear a case first |
appeal | to ask a higher court to review the decision and determine if justice was done |
appellate jurisdiction | the authority to hear an appeal |
courts of appeal | handle appeals from the federal district courts |
circuit courts | courts of appeals |
judicial review | the power to overturn any law that the court decides is in conflict with the constitution |
opinion | a written statement explaining the reasons for the decision |
judicial activism | an effort by judges to take an active role in policy- making by over taking laws relatively often |
judicial restraint | an effort by judges to avoid overturning laws and to leave policy making up to the other branches of government |