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Ancient China
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How long is the Huang River? | 3,000 miles. |
| What substance does the river pick up as it goes through the hilly region around the Ordos Desert? | Loess. |
| What sea does the river empty into? | The Yellow Sea. |
| What crops were grown in the Huang Valley? | Grains,fruits,and vegetables. |
| What is erosion? | The gradual wearing away of soil and rock by wind,glaciers,or water. |
| What did the ancient Chinese farmers build to try to keep the Huang in its course? | Levees |
| What were 2 major ways of life in ancient China? | Farming and herding. |
| What is a dynasty? | A line of rulers who belong to the same family. |
| Where did the Shang dynasty develop? | Along the Huang River Valley. |
| How did the Shang dynasty encourage the settlement of more lands and towns? | By giving land and rule to the family members or nobles. |
| Why were towns necessary to the development of Shang civilization? What purpose did the civilizations serve? | Towns were necessary because they served as production and distribution centers, supplied the needs of the kings and nobles, and provided soldiers. |
| Why is Anyang important? | It became the capital, Discovery of, it's ruins provides data on early China |
| What do we know about Anyang? | the wealthy royalty lived in places. Ordinary people lived in pit houses. They knew how to make bronze and build chariots. |
| Why do you think that no acient writings on bamboo or silk survived? | Items like bamboo and silk turn to dust over time. |
| What was the function of "oracle bones"? | To tell the future |
| Who was Shihuangdi? | The "First Grand Emperor" |
| What dynasty was Shihuangdi part of? | The Qin Dynasty |
| How did Shihuangdi organize his empire? | He divided it into 36 provinces |
| Think back to how the Shang dynasty settled and organized their lands. With who did the Shang kings share power? How did Shihuangdi change this arrangement? | With the nobles who owned land. He let farmers own land, which weakened the noble's power. |
| Why do you think he wanted to weaken the nobles' power? | So he could have all the power, in the unified government |
| How did he change communications to strengthen his government? | By setting up a single system government of writing so that officials could carry out his orders across the empire. |
| How did he enforce the power of his government? | with his army |
| What were the farmers in Shihuangdi's empire required to do? | Fight river floods, grow enough food to feed the empire, pay taxes to support the empire, build highways, build walls to keep out invaders and serve as soldiers to fight invaders. |
| What was Shihuangdi's grand plan for his tomb? | To construct a mirror of the real world showing his power in death as in life. |
| What was the purpose of the clay army in his plan? | To stand guard, ready to protect the emperor from attack. |
| when was Confucious introducing his idea in China? | 551 B.C. - 479 B.C. or around 500 B.C |
| Who was Han Gaozu? | A farmer-turned-general who overthrew the Qin dynasty in 2068 B.C. |
| How many years did the Han dynasty rule? | over 400 years |
| What did Confucianism say the Chinese had lost? | It's traditions that once made society good and just |
| How did confusius say that they could get these traditions back? | Through education |
| what was a central idea of Confusius? | To have respect within the family |
| What is The Analects? | A book recorded with Confusius' thoughts by his students. |
| who was the first strong ruler of the Han dynasty? | Wudi. |
| What was Wudi's biggest contributions to ancient China? | The Grand Schools in each province. |
| What was taught at the school? | Chinese literature,poetry,history,proper behavior,and folk songs. |
| What things were invented during the Han dynasty? | Paper and the seismograph. |
| What is a traditional economic system? | Customs handed down from generation to generation |
| When did the Han dynasty end and why? | 200 A.D. It broke down due to the strain of failed military campaigns beyond China fights among it's leaders. |
| In what areas did Han China make great achievements? | Science,math,the arts,and trade. |
| Loess | A fine yellow soil that is easily carried by wind and rain, found in China. |
| Levee | A wall built along a river bank to prevent flooding. |
| Erosion | The gradual wearing away of soil and rock by wind, glaciers, or water. |
| Famine | A widespread lack of food resulting in hunger and starvation. |
| Steppe | A dry, grassy, treeless plain found in Asia and Eastern Europe. |
| Dynasty | A line of rulers who belong to the same family. |
| Noble | A member of a ruling family or one of high rank. |
| Oracle Bones | In ancient China, a cattle or sheep bone was to predict the future. |
| Emperor | The supreme ruler of an empire. |
| Province | A division of land within an empire or country. |
| Confucianism | In China, a system of beliefs and behavior based on the teaching of Confucius, who said that people should lead good lives by studying ancient traditions; stressed the importance of respecting one's family and ancestors. |
| Mandate of Heaven | The beliefs that the Chinese emperor's right to rule come from the gods. |
| Grand School | A school began by confucius scholars in China that trained students for government jobs. |
| Seismograph | A scientific instrument that could detect earthquakes hundreds of miles away, invented during the Han dynasty. |
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