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sociology exam I
chapters 1&2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
understanding human behavior by placing it within its broader social context. | sociological perspective |
people who share a culture and a territory | society |
the use of objective systematic observations to test theories. | scientific method |
the scientific study of society and human behavior | sociology |
the use of sociology to solve problems from the micro level of family relationships to the macro level of global pollution. | applied sociology |
the examination of large-scale patterns of society. | macro level |
an examination of small-scale patterns of society. | micro level |
what people do when they are in one anothers presence. | social interaction |
communication without words through gestures, use of space, silence, and so on. | nonverbal interaction |
a statement of how variables are expected to be related to one another, ofetn according to predictions from a theory. | hypothesis |
a factor thought to be significant for human behavior, which can vary from one case to another. | variables |
one of seven procedures that sociologists use to collect data: surveys, participant obeservation, case studies, secondary analysis, documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures. | research method |
the extent to which an operational definition measures what it is intended to measure. | validity |
the extent to which reasearch produces consistent or dependable results. | reliability |
the collection of data by having people answer a series of questions | survey |
a target group to be studied. | population |
the individuals intended to represent the population to be studied. | sample |
people who respnd to a survey, either in interviews or by self-administered questionaires. | respndents |
questions that are followed by a list of possible answers to be selected by the respondent. | close-ended questions |
questions that respondents answer in their own words. | open-ended questions |
research in which the researcher participtaes in a research setting while observing what is happening in that setting | participant observation |
an analysis of a single event, situation, or individual. | case study |
the analysis of data that have been collected by other researchers | secondary analysis |
the use of control and experimental groups and dependent and independent variables to test causation. | experiments |
ways of observing people so they dont know they are being studied | unobtrusive measures |
the view thata a sociologists personal values or biases should not influence social research | value free |
the standars by which people define what is desireable or undesirable, good or bad, beautiful or ugly. | values |
value neutrality in research | objectivity |
the repitition of a study in order to test its findings. | replication |
sociology being used for the public good:especially the sociological perspective guiding politicans and policy makers. | public sociology |