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Vertebral Pathology

Lippert - Ch.15 Neck & Trunk vertebral column pathologies p. 229-231

QuestionAnswer
thoracic outlet syndrome compression of: brachial plexus and subclavian artery & vein (all located between: 1st rib, clavicle, & scalene)
Torticollis aka: wry neck, neck deformity where person’s head is laterally bent to 1 side & rotated toward the other side
cervical sprains aka. Whiplash, occurs when head suddenly & violently hyperextends and then flexes
sciatica pain running down posterior thigh & leg caused by pressure on sciatic nerve roots
lordosis aka: sway back, abnormally increased curve in the lumbar spine
flat back abnormally decreased lumbar spine
kyphosis abnormally increased thoracic curve
scoliosis any amount of lateral curve
Spondylosis (spinal osteoarthritis) degenerative disorder of vertebrae. May result from bone spurs, thickened ligaments, or decreased disk height due to aging.
spinal stenosis narrowing of vertebral canal housing spinal cord
herniated disks when a portion of the nucleus pulposus bulges through the annulus fibrosus
ankylosing spondylitis chronic inflammation of vertebral column & sacroiliac joints, leads to fusion & total loss of spinal mobility (progressive rheumatic disease)
spondylolysis vertebral defect in pars interarticularis
spondylolisthesis fracture, or defective pars interarticularis, allows 1 vertebra to slip forward over adjacent vertebra
osteoporosis disease where bone is removed faster than it can be replaced, decreases bone mass & density
compression fractures collapse of anterior (body) portion of vertebrae {usually caused by: trauma in lumbar region or osteoporosis in thoracic region}
stable fracture does not have progressive displacement or dislocation
unstable fracture fractures with dislocation, usually result in SCI & paralysis
hangman’s fracture fracture involving C2 due to sudden forceful hyperextension of head [can become unstable & stop respiration]
Created by: jteich
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