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Chapter 2 OS

Introduction to Operating Systems

QuestionAnswer
A service pack is a major update or fix to an OS occasionally released by Microsoft. Minor updates or fixes that are released more frequently are called patches
Stable environment, Plug and Play support,Device Manager, Recovery Console, Active Directory, Better network support,Features specifically targeting notebook computers and Not backward compatible. Windows 2000
Allows multiple users to log on simultaneously, Incorporates Windows Messenger and Media Player, Adds advanced security, such as Windows Firewall, Windows XP
The CPU partly determines which operating system can be installed, you need to be aware of three categories of processors currently used on desktop and laptop computers: 32-bit processors (x86). 32-bit processing with 64-bit instructions (x86-64). 64-bit processors.
Back up data, clean up a hard drive, schedule tasks, restore Windows settings, various other things System tools
Prevent malicious background tasks from doing harm,Allow administrator to use less powerful account. UAC
In Windows Vista, user data and settings are stored in a user folder and its subfolders. The folder name is the user account name and the folder is created under the %SystemDrive%\Users folder, for example, C:\Users\Jean Andrews.
In Windows 2000/XP, the user folder is also named after the user account name. The folder is created under the %SystemDrive%\Documents and Settings folder, for example, C:\Documents and Settings\Jean Andrews.
Windows uses a database called the--------for most of this information Registry
You change file attributes use the Properties window
Contains applets used to manage the system Control Panel
The_____________gives a wealth of information about installed hardware and software, the current system configuration, and currently running programs. System Information Utility(Msinfo32.exe)
Windows keeps some data in text files called initialization files
A---------is a program that is running, together. with the system resources assigned to process
If Windows Vista sidebar is not installed, you can use the Control Panel to install it. Click Start--- Control Panel--- Appearances and Personalization---Windows Sidebar Properties.
One way to create a shortcut for a program is right-click the program file in the Computer or Windows Explorer window and select Create Shortcut from the menu that appears.
The notification area, also called the system tray or systray, is usually on the right side of thetaskbar and displays open services
A------is a program that runs in the background. service
If the top of the UAC box is green, Vista is happy to accept one of its own Windows components to be installed.
If the top of the UAC box is gray, the program has signed in with Microsoft and Vista is happy to install
The two most useful tools to explore files and folders on your computer are Windows Explorer and the Vista Computer window. (Windows 2000/XP calls the Computer window the My Computer window.)
Every OS manages a hard drive, optical drive, floppy disk, or USB drive by using directories also called folders, subdirectories, and files.
The complete path to a file includes the volume letter, directories, filename, and file extension; the colon, backslashes, and period.
When you refer to a drive and directories that are pointing to the location of a file, as in C:\Data\Business\Letter.docx, the drive and directories are called path
An applet in Control Panel has a__________file extension .cpl
Vista has a new 3D user interface called the Aero user interface, which is not available for all versions of Vista and requires 1 GB of RAM and a video card or on-board video that supports the DirectX 9 and has at least 128 MB of graphics memory
To know which type of operating system to install, you need to be aware of three categories of processors currently used on desktop and laptop computers: 32-bit processors. These are known as x86.32-bit processing with 64-bit instructions. These hybrid processors are known as x86-64bit processors. 64-bit processors Intel calls the technology IA64.
The term x86-64 refers to a 64-bit OS or to 32-bit processors that process 64-bit instructions such as Intel Core2 Duo or 64-bit AMD processors
The Windows Sidebar and gadgets for the Vista desktop are new with Windows Vista. If the sidebar is not installed, you can use the Control Panel to install it. Click Control Panel. Appearances and Personalization. Windows Sidebar Properties.
One way to create a shortcut for a program is to right-click the program file in the Computer or Windows Explorer window and select Create Shortcut from the menu that appears.
Press_____________to view open applications in a flip 3D view when using the Vista Aero interface. Win+Tab
Use the _____________ to control what appears in the Start menu and taskbar Taskbar and Start Menu Properties window
To use the ______________, right-click anywhere on the desktop, and choose Personalize from the shortcut menu. Using this window, you can personalize the way Windows appears, including the desktop, sounds, mouse action, color themes, and display settings. Personalization window. Windows XP/2000 uses the Display Properties window
The ________is used to change file associations Default Programs window
The two most useful tools to explore files and folders on your computer are Windows Explorer and the Vista Computer window.
Every OS manages a hard drive, optical drive, floppy disk, or USB drive by using directories also called folders
Storage devices such as a USB drive, CD, or hard drive, are organized into directories and subdirectories that contain files
If a directory is on a floppy disk, then either A: or B: identifies it
If a directory is on a volume on a hard drive or on a CD, USB drive, or DVD, a letter such as C:, D:, or F: identifies it.
when naming a file, the first part of the name before the period is called the filename (Letter), and the part after the period is called the file extension (docx),
The Desktop folder is located at C:\Users\Anne\Desktop\Presentations. %SystemDrive%\Users\username\Desktop
To select multiple items to delete, copy, or move at the same time. hold down the Shift or Ctrl key as you click
Using Explorer or the Computer window, you can view and change the properties assigned to a file; these properties are called the file attributes
From the _____________, you can change the read-only, hidden, archive, and indexing attributes of the file. Properties window
Windows Vista has two levels of command prompt windows: standard window and an elevated window.
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