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Pharm-Antifungals
Antifungals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 2 most common fungal infections discussed in class? | Dermatophytes (ringworm) and Malassezia sp. (yeast) |
| Which fungal infection presents with circular skin lesions and is zoonotic? | Dermatophytes (ringworm) |
| How would you diagnose a fungal infection? | Clinical signs, skin scrapings, Wood's Lamp, fungal culture, ear smear |
| What drug is the first choice for ringworm infections? Dosage form? | Itraconazole; Oral |
| What is a Cheaper alternative to Itraconazole? | Fluconazole (Diflucan) |
| What form is it seen in and organism does it treat: Nystatin (Panalog/Anamax), Clotrimazole (Otomax) and Miconazole (Malaseb)? | Topical/yeast |
| What organism does Ketoconazole treat? | Dermatophytes (ringworm) |
| Superficial or Systemic Tx? Itraconazole Amphoteracin B Ketoconazole Griseofulvin Fluconozole/Diflucan | Itraconazole - Both Amphoteracin B - Systemic Ketoconazole - Both Griseofulvin - Superficial Fluconozole/Diflucan - Superficial |
| Superficial or Systemic Tx? Nystatin/Panalog Flucytosine Clotrimazole/Otomax Miconazole/Malaseb | Nystatin/Panalog - Superficial Flucytosine - Systemic Clotrimazole/Otomax - Superficial Miconazole/Malaseb - Superficial |
| What are the 4 types of systemic infections discussed in class? | Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis, Coccidiomycosis, Aspergillosis |
| What is the prognosis of cases of systemic fungal infections? | Poor |
| What are some presenting symptomes of a systemic fungal infection? | weight loss, dyspnea, chronic cough, lameness, skin lesions |
| How can systemic infections be transmitted? Is it zoonotic? | inhalation or direct contact; yes |
| Rural and hunting dogs are at highest risk for what systemic fungal infection? | Blastomycosis |
| Give 2 recommendations you would give a client treating ringworm in addition to drug therapy? | Disinfect/destroy bedding; clip hair over infected areas to allow better penetration of medication to the skin; use antifungal shampoos; Vx are available for cats. |
| What is an important direction to tell the client when their animal is prescribed griseofulvin? | Give with a fatty meal - increases absorption |
| What drug combination is commonly prescribed for Blastomycosis? | Ketaconazole/Nizoral tabs and Amphotericin B |
| What organ is most affected by Amphotericin B? | Kidneys |
| What drug works synergistically with Amphotericin B to treat Blastomycosis? | Ketaconazole/Nizoral |
| How does one become infected with Blastomycosis? | Inhaled from mold in the soil (sandy, acidic soils) |
| What organs does Blastomycosis affect? | Lungs then through blood and lymph to eyes, brain, bone, lymph nodes, urogenital system, skin and SQ tissues |
| What organs does Histoplasmosis affect? | Lungs |
| Where is Blastomycosis generally found? | Upper midwest and Canada |
| Where is Histoplasmosis generally found? | Southern states |
| Where does Histoplasmosis thrive? | Soil enriched with bird or bat droppings |
| What organs does Coccidiomycosis affect? | Lungs - esp. dogs |
| Where is Coccidiomycosis generally found? | SW states, Mexico and S. America |
| Where does Aspergillosis thrive? | Growing on dead leaves, stored grain, compost piles or other decaying vegetations (hen houses). Farms. |
| What organs does Aspergillosis affect? | Respiratory, ears, liver, throat and mouth |
| What is the most common clinical symptom of aspergillosis? | Sneezing blood and compulsively scratching snout/nose |
Created by:
k.jamie9
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