Question
click below
click below
Question
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Soil and Rock Unit
Soil and rocks key terms & study info
Question | Answer |
---|---|
A type of rock made from sediments that have been glued together. | Sedimentary |
A type of rock that has been formed from cooling magma or lava | Igneous |
A rock formed when another rock is changed by heat and pressure deep under Earth's surface. | Metamorphic |
The practice of planting different crops each year | Crop Rotation |
The upper layer of soil rich in nutrients and organic material | Topsoil |
The largest particle size in soil | Sand |
The process when sediment is carried away | Erosion |
The process when sediment settles in a new place | Deposition |
The property of soil that allows water to flow easily through it | Permeable |
The process when sediment is glued together when minerals crystalize | Cementation |
Plowing only when necessary so that soil stays in place | Conservation Plowing |
What are the 4 stages that form sedimentary rock | Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, & Cementation |
What is the process in which rocks can be changed to become other types of rocks | The Rock Cycle |
What are rocks made of? | They are a combination of different minerals and other sediments |
What are the three major characteristics of sedimentary rocks | layers, fossils, & visible sediments |
The physical or chemical breakdown of rocks into smaller sized pieces | Weathering |
The area in the plains states that experienced 10 years of drought, wind, & soil erosion in the 1930's | Dust Bowl |
The layers of soil that differ in color and texture from the layers above or below it | Soil Horizons |
A soil conservation method farmers use to plow fields along the curves of a sloap or hillsides | Contour Plowing |
Why is it important for farmers to practice soil conservation methods? | All living things depend on soil, there is a limited supply of good soil, and it takes a long time for soil to form. |
A mixture of weathered rock particles, mixed with air, water, & organic material. | Soil |
The parent rock in which all soil comes from | Bedrock |
How does B horizon form? | Particles are washed down from the A-Horizon |
When rocks are dissolved or the composition is changed | Chemical Weathering |
The process when rock is physically broken down into smaller pieces | Mechanical Weathering |
Soil with very small particles that retain/hold onto water | Clay |
a chemical reaction in which oxygen combines with another substance; for example, when metal rusts | Oxidation |
a type of mechanical weathering caused by the scraping and scratching of rocks by loose particles that are transported over the rocks by wind, water, glaciers, etc. | Abrasion |
a type of mechanical weathering in which water gets into cracks or joints in a rock, then freezes and expands, pushing the rock apart | Ice Wedging |