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Anthro Test 2
Living & Consumption and Exchange
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Economic system | the linked processes of livelihood, consumption and exchange |
food security | the ability to obtain an adequate diet in order to sustain health |
mode of livelihood | the dominant way of making a living in a culture |
extensive strategy | a form of livelihood involving temporary use of large areas of land |
use rights | a person has socially recognized priority in access to resources in an area |
intensive strategy | a form of livelihood that involves continuous use of the same land and resources |
industrial capital agriculture | a form of agriculture that is capital-intesive, substituting machinery for human and animal labor |
formal sector | salaried or wage based work |
informal sector | work that is not officially registered, illegal |
mode of consumption | the dominant pattern of spending resources in order to satisfy demands |
mode of exchange | the dominant pattern of transferring goods/services between groups/people |
minimalism | a mode of consumption that emphasizes simplicity |
consumerism | a mode of consumption in which peoples demands are infinite |
leveling mechanism | an unwritten rule that prevents someone from becoming wealthier or more powerful than anyone else |
consumption fund | a budget used to provide for consumption needs |
entitlement | a culturally defined right to life-sustaining resources |
cash crop | a plant grown primarily for sale rather than for one's own use |
generalized reciprocity | exchange involving the least conscious sense of interest in material gain |
pure gift | something given with no expectation of a return |
balanced exchange | the goal is eventual equality in value |
unbalanced exchange | one party seeks to make a profit |
expected reciprocity | an exchange of equal valued goods between people equal in social status |
market exchange | the buying and selling of commodities under competitive conditions |
redistribution | one person collecting goods from multiple people and then giving it all back to different people |