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AP Human Geo wb4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| assimilation | Final completion of the cultural acculturation process, when a culture group loses all its original traits and becomes fully a part of a different, dominting culture. |
| Barrio | Spanish-speaking ethnic neighborhood. |
| Carl Sauer | Prominent geographer in the 20th century who championed the study of cultural landscapes and built environments in human geography. |
| Confucianism | East Asian belief system originally taught by Confucius, stressing morals for all aspects of life. |
| Cultural convergence | OCcurs when on culture adopts a culrutal attribute of another. |
| Cultural geography | Field of human geography that analyzes how and why culture is expressed in different ways in different places. |
| Cultural homogeneity | Occurs when cultures become the same, or uniform, and local diversity is decreased. |
| Cultural imperialism | Invasion of a culture into another with the intent of dominating the invaded culture politicall, economically, and/or socially. |
| Cultural landscape | Tangible result of a human group's interaction with its environment. |
| Cultural nationalism | Movement to protect one's culture from invastion of influence from another culture's perceived invasion or influence and threat to one's own culture. Highly related to the emotional attachment an individual has for his/her culture. |
| Culture complex | Unique combination of culture traits for a particular culture group. |
| Culture hearth | Area where innovations in culture began and from which such cultural elements spread. |
| Culture realm | Cluster of culture regions in which common culture systems are found. Examles- Lating America and sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Culture system | Collection of culture complexes that shaped a group's common identity. |
| Culture trait | Single piece of a culture's traditions and practices. |
| Dowry death | Murder of a bride by her husband's family because her father failed to pay the dowry. |
| Enfranchisement | Right to vote. |
| Ethnic cleansing | Process in which a racial or ethnic group attempts to expel or exterminate from a territory another racial or group. |
| Ethnic enclave | Another name for an ethnic neighborhood surrounded by an unwelcoming, discriminatory, or hostile ethnic goup or groups. |
| Ethnicity | Complex identity created by a people to define their group through actual or perceived shared culture traits, such as language, religion, and so forth. |
| Ethnocentrism | Using one's own cultural identity as a superior standard by which to judge others; often causes diecriminatory behavior. |
| Female infaticide | Murder of female infants. |
| Gender | Category of classifying humans reflecting not just biological but also social differences between men and women. |
| Gender gap | Difference in social, economic, and political power and opportunity between men and women. |
| Gender imbalance | Unequal number of men and women in a place. |
| Independent innovation | Invention of the same phenomenon by two culture hearths without each knowing abouth the other's invention or, sometimes, existence. |
| Indo-Ganetic Hearth | Hearth near the Indus and Ganges rivers where Hinduism, Buddhism, and Sikhism originated. |
| Interfaith Boundary | Boundary that divides space between two or more religions. |
| Intrafith boundary | Boundary that divides space among different groups withing a particular religion, such as among brances, denominations, or sects. |
| Language extinction | Occurs when a people's language is no longer used in the world. |
| Language replacement | Occurs when invvaders replave with their own language the language of the people whom they conquer. |
| Longevity gap | Difference between life expectancies of men and women |
| Maladaptive diffusion | Adoption of a diffusing trait that is impractical for a region or culture. |
| Material components of culture | Pieces of a cultural landscape that are tangible, such as clothing and architecture. |
| Maternal mortality rate | Death rate among women giving birth. |
| Monolingual state | Country in which only one language is spoken. |
| Multilingual state | Country where more than one language is spoken. |
| Nanmaterial components of culture | Pieces of a culrute that are intangible, such as beliefs and attitudes. |
| Perceptual regions | Area with boundaries defined by people's beliefs, emotions, and attitudes. Often called a vernacular region. |
| Political ecology | Study of cultural geography through the lens of the relationships government and economic systems create between human cultures and their environments. |
| Proto-Indo-European | First form of language that gave rise to the Indo-European family. Believed to have spread through either the Kurgan conquests or through farming technology. |
| Race | Classification system of humans based on skin color and other physical characteristics. |
| Regional identity | Common identification a group of people has with a particular place. |
| Reverse reconstruction | Process of tracing a language's diffusion. The process begings with the most recent places of the language's existence and moves backward through time, comparing words with geographic places and groups of people using the same or similar words. |
| S-curve diffusion pattern | Diffusion of follows this pattern of a slower pave in the innovation stage, followed by a rapid diffusion pattern in the majority-adopter stage, and finishing in a slower-paced "laggard" stage. |
| Semitic Hearth | Hearth near modern-day Israel where Judaism, Christianity, and Islam originated. |
| Sequent Occupance | Theory that a place is occupied by different Groups of people, each group leaving an imprint on the place from which the next group learns. |
| Shintoism | Syncretic faith blending Buddhism with local practices predominant in Japan. |
| Social distance | Measurement of how "distant" or different two ethnicities or social groups are from each other. |
| Spatial diffusion | Spread of any phenomenon (such as diease) across space and time. |
| Stimulus expansion diffusion | OCcurs when an innovative idea diffuses from its hearth outward, but the original idea is changed by the new adopters. |
| Sunni and Shiite Muslims | Two major branches of Islam; Sunnis, the largest branch, are known as the orthodox branch supporting only descendants of Muhammad, whereas Shiites support descendants of Ali as religious leaders. |
| Syncretic religion | Religion blending elements from various religions. Ex- Voodoo |
| Taoism | East Asian belief system stressing balancing the forces of humanity and nature, taught originally by Laozi. |
| Theocracy | Government run by a religion. |
| Toponym | Name given to a place. |
| Transculturation | Equal exchange of cultural traits between two cultures; a form of cultural convergence. |
Created by:
pestachick