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ar cti unit 1
Ar cti unit 1 terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) | coding system that computers of all types and brands can translate |
| Application software | also called productivity software; helps you perform a specific task, such as word processing or spreadsheets |
| Bit | in binary, a bit represents a zero or one |
| Byte | a byte is another word for character; generally represented by eight bits |
| Central Processing Unit (CPU) | also known as the microprocessor; the brains of the computer |
| Computer | electronic device that receives data, processes data, stores data, and produces a result |
| File extension | the part of a file name that comes after the period called a “dot” |
| File name | the name assigned for identification |
| Folder | a way to organize files into manageable groups |
| Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) | operating systems with graphical symbols representing files, programs, and documents |
| Hardware | the tangible, physical equipment that can be seen and touched |
| Icons | graphic images or symbols that represent applications (programs), files, disk drives, documents, embedded objects, or linked objects |
| Input devices | enable the user to input data and commands into the computer |
| Mainframe computers | large, powerful computers that are used for centralized storage, processing, and management of very large amounts of data |
| Maximize | to enlarge a window on the computer to fill the computer screen |
| Menu bar | the horizontal bar near the top of a window that lists the different types of menus to choose from when working with documents |
| Microcomputer | sometimes called a personal computer; used at home or at the office by one person; can fit on top of or under a desk |
| Microprocessor | an integrated circuit silicon chip that contains the processing unit for a computer or a computerized appliance |
| Microsoft’s Disk Operating System (MS-DOS) | originally introduced with the IBM PC in 1981 |
| Minicomputer | type of computer that is designed to serve multiple users and process significant amounts of data; larger than a microcomputer, but smaller than a mainframe |
| Minimize | to reduce a window on the screen to a button on the taskbar |
| Motherboard | a circuit board that contains all of the computer system’s main components |
| Network | connects one computer to other computers and peripheral devices |
| Operating systems | systems software that provide an interface between the user or application program and the computer hardware |
| Output devices | enable the computer to give you the results of the processed data |
| Plug and play | technology that allows a hardware component to be attached to a computer so that it is automatically configured by the operating system, without user intervention |
| Random Access Memory (RAM) | where instructions and data are stored on a temporary basis; this memory is volatile |
| Read-Only Memory (ROM) | permanent storage; instructions are burned onto chips by the manufacturer |
| Restore | to return a maximized or minimized window to its previous size |
| Scroll bar | band on the right side or bottom of a window that you click to bring different parts of a document into view |
| Software | intangible set of instructions that tell the computer what to do |
| Supercomputers | largest and fastest computers, capable of storing and processing tremendous volumes of data |
| Systems software | a group of programs that coordinate and control the resources and operations of a computer system |
| Task bar | the horizontal band at the bottom of the desktop that includes the Start button, minimized window buttons, and a row of icons usually related to input and output devices |
| Technology | the application of scientific discoveries to the production of goods and services that improve the human environment |
| Title bar | the horizontal band in a window that displays the name of the program, data file, or another type of window |
| Tool bar | a band near the top of a window that has groups’ icons or buttons that will execute certain commands when clicked |
| Troubleshooting | analyzing problems to correct faults in the system |
| Universal Serial Bus (USB) | standard for computer ports that support data transfer rates of up to 12 million bits per second |
| Utility software | systems software that perform tasks related to managing the computer’s resources, file management, diagnostics, and other specialized chores |
| Virus | a computer program that is written to cause corruption of data |
| Window | rectangular area of the screen used to display a program, data, or other information |
Created by:
lynngross
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