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Mental Health frame

frames of reference

Question	Answer
What are the 4 parts of a Frame of Reference?	Theoretical Base (Philosophy/beliefs) Function/dysfunction continuum, Behaviors indicative of Function/dysfunction; Postulates re intervention (treatment)
Existential/Humanistic F of R - theoretical base	Human beings most important (OT roots) Rights of all, Maslow, Rogers, Yalom)
concepts of Existential/Humanistic FoR	Respect, genunineness, non-judgmental acceptance, deep understanding, self-actualization
Tx for Existential/Humanistic FoR	Pts must want to change self; Create safe atmosphere, help improve self-concept & understanding, self-awareness activities, increase self-confidence, clarify values, used open-end questions
Psychoanalytic FoR	FREUD: ID, ego, Superego, Oral, Anal, Phalic, Latent, Genital stages
Defense mechanisms - psychoanalytic	Sublimination, Projection, Regression, Acting Out
Cognitive Disabilities FoR	Claudia Allen: ability to perform ADLs, tasks reflect health & cognitive function; restriction in motor action is from brain dysfunction
What level must you be to take ACL?	at least a 3 - b/c at 3 can grasp object
Developmental FoR	Develop thru stages, problems if skip a stage, interaction w/environment stimulates acquisition of skills
Tx for Development Frame of Ref	Go to most primitive stage first - make sure all subskills are mastered before going to next level
Neurodevelopmental/ SI	Ayres for children, King for (schizo) adults, Rood, Brunstrum, Bobath
Theory base of Neurodevelopmental/SI	Brain dysfunction at root of SI, perceptual, cognitive problems; vestibular stimuli is important for pleasure, holistic; brain organized by sensory, vestibular, tactile stimuli
Acquisitional Frame of Reference	Teacher-Learner - takes from behavioral & learning theories and is suitable for any age group
Acquisitional FoR theory	acquire by doing, behavior influenced by environment, learned behavior = people, non-stage specific, here and now, operant conditioning, positive reinforcement
MOHO - Kielhofner, Reily	3 concepts - Occupation is core of humanity; System theory - input, throughput, output - interaction with open system & environment;
MOHO theory	environment important for Arousal & Environmental Press (expectations of environment)
MOHO subsystem:	Volition, Habituation, Performance Skills
How is schizophrenia Dx?	presence of psychotic symptoms for 6 mos or more
What is schizoaffective disorder?	schizophrenic behavior with mood disorder
what is the most common hallucination?	auditory
causes of schizophrenia	dopamine levels too much; elevated levels of norinephrine in spinal fluid, seratonin levels high, ventricles in brain large, viral, environment
What are some delusion types	grandeur, persecution, control, somatic, thought broadcasting, ideas of reference - messages in newspaper
negative symptoms of schizophrenia	affective blunting, alogia (can't speak), avolition (lack of goals); anhedonia; attentional impairments
Regressed/bizarre schizophrenic behaviors	polydipsia - excessive thirst; peculiar mannerisms, odd appearance, hoarding, stealing, spitting, starving malnutritious eating, negativism - do opposite
What is the prodromal phase of schizophrenia?	level of function deteriorates, hygiene decreases, interaction, role ability decreases
Active phase of Schizophrenia	psychotic, hallucinating, deluded
Residual phase	remission from worst symptoms, still bad hygiene
percentage of suicide attempts among schizophrenics	20% with 2-3% succeeding
Meds for schizophrenia	neuroleptics, major tranquilizers, antipsychotics, anti-depressants, lithium
Adverse effects of meds	Parkinsonian syndrome, tardive dyskinesia, akasthesia, dystonia, akinesia, dry mouth
OT Tx for Schizophrenia	work on proprioception & vestibular input to increase perceptual function
OT tx task groups for schizo	purposeful activity,
OT tx social skills for schizo	make friends instruction, role play, feedback, task groups
OT tx schizo - cognitive	visual instructions, lmtd sensory stim, repetitious, limited problem solveing, graded task difficulty, frequent feedback, info process strategies
OT tx considerations for schizo	NAMI, energy conserve, work simplify, problem solve, re-emphasize reality, fam education, feelings over hallucinations
Performance components of schizo for OT tx	sensorimotor, cognitive, psychosocial/psychological

Created by: sherryama

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