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NOS220 Review (Ch14)

Linux Study Guide - Troubleshooting, Performance, & Security

QuestionAnswer
etc/ld.so.cache The file that contains the location of shared library files.
/etc/ld.so.conf The file that contains a list of directories that contain shared libraries.
assistive technologies Software programs that cater to specific user needs.
asymmetric encryption A type of encryption that uses a key pair to encrypt and decrypt data.
baseline A measure of normal system activity.
BBC Linux A small CD/DVD-based Linux distribution.
buffer overrun An attack in which a network service is altered in memory.
bus mastering The process by which peripheral components perform tasks normally executed by the CPU.
chains The components of a firewall that specify the general type of network traffic to which rules apply.
digital signature Information that has been encrypted using a private key.
Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) A common asymmetric encryption algorithm that is primarily used for creating digital signatures.
documentation The system information that is stored in a log book for future reference.
file handles The connections that a program makes to files on a filesystem.
free command A command used to display memory and swap statistics.
gpg command A command used to create and manage GPG keys.
GNU Privacy Guard (GPG) An open source asymmetric encryption technology that is primarily used by e-mail programs.
Intrusion Detection System (IDS) A program that can be used to detect unauthorized access to a Linux system.
iostat (input/output statistics) command A command that displays input/output statistics for block devices.
iptables command The command used to configure a firewall in Fedora Linux.
jabbering The process by which failing hardware components send large amounts of information to the CPU.
key A unique piece of information that is used within an encryption algorithm.
Knoppix Linux A CD/DVD-based Linux distribution.
ldconfig command The command that updates the /etc/ld.so.conf and /etc/ld.so.cache files.
ldd command The command used to display the shared libraries used by a certain program.
logger command A command that can be used to write system log events via the System Log Daemon (rsyslogd).
lsof (list open files) command The command that lists the files that are currently being viewed or modified by software programs and users.
lspci command The command that lists the hardware devices that are currently attached to the PCI bus on the system.
lsusb command The command that lists the USB devices that are currently plugged into the system.
monitoring The process by which system areas are observed for problems or irregularities.
mpstat (multiple processor statistics) command A command that displays CPU statistics.
netfilter/iptables The Linux kernel components and related software subsystem that provide firewall and NAT capability on modern Linux systems.
nmap (network mapper) command A command that can be used to scan ports on network computers.
nohup command A command that prevents other commands from exiting when the parent process is killed.
Orca A Linux software program that provides several assistive technologies to desktop environment users.
Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) The component that handles authentication requests by daemons on a Linux system.
private key An asymmetric encryption key that is used to decrypt data and create digital signatures.
proactive maintenance The measures taken to reduce future system problems.
public key An asymmetric encryption key that is used to encrypt data and decrypt digital signatures.
reactive maintenance The measures taken when system problems arise.
Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) A common asymmetric encryption algorithm.
rules The components of a firewall that match specific network traffic that is to be allowed or dropped.
sar (system activity reporter) command The command that displays various system statistics.
Security Enhanced Linux (SELinux) A set of Linux kernel components and related software packages that prevent malicious software from executing on a Linux system.
server closet A secured room that stores servers within an organization.
sestatus command The command that displays the current status and functionality of the SELinux subsystem.
ssh-add command The command that users can use to add an SSH identity to their user account.
SSH agent A software program that can be used to automatically authenticate users using their private key.
SSH identity A unique configuration for a user account that is associated with user-specific SSH keys.
stateful packet filter A packet filter that applies rules to related packets within the same network session.
su (switch user) command A command that can be used to switch your current user account to another.
sudo command A command that is used to perform commands as another user via entries in the /etc/sudoers file.
System Statistics (sysstat) package A software package that contains common performance monitoring utilities, such as mpstat, iostat, and sar.
TCP wrapper A program that can be used to run a network daemon with additional security via the /etc/hosts.allow and /etc/hosts.deny files.
tripwire A common IDS for Linux that monitors files and directories.
troubleshooting procedures The tasks performed when solving system problems.
tunneling The process of embedding network packets within other network packets.
ulimit command The command used to modify process limit parameters in the current shell.
vmstat command The command used to display memory, CPU, and swap statistics.
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