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Plate Tectonics-

QuestionAnswer
seismic wave vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake
lithosphere a rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust
outer core a layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of Earth
mantle the layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core
Pangaea the name of the single landmass that began to break apart 200 million years ago and gave rise to today's continents
crust the layer of rock that forms Earth's outer surface
asthenosphere the soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats
inner core a dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth
continental drift the hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth's surface
mid-ocean ridge an undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary under the ocean
sea-floor spreading process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor
subduction the process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary
divergent boundary a plate boundary where two plates move away from each other
transform boundary a plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions
fault a break in Earth's crust along which rocks move
deep-ocean trench a deep valley along the ocean floor beneath which oceanic crust slowly sinks toward the mantle
plate a section of the lithosphere that slowly moves over the asthenosphere, carrying pieces of continental and oceanic crust
convergent boundary a plate boundary where two plates move toward each other
plate tectonics the theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle
rift valley a deep valley that forms where two plates move apart
Created by: mrskrause
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