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A&P Ch6-8 Test rw

Question	Answer
Frontal	forehead bone
Zygomatic	cheekbone
Mandible	lower jaw, site of mental foramen,
Nasal	bridge of nose
Palatine	posterior bones of the hard palate
Parietal	much of the lateral and superior cranium
Occipital	most posterior part of cranium, condyles here articulate with the atlas, foramen magnum
Sphenoid	single, irregular, bat-shaped bone forming part of the cranial floor, site of sella turcica,
Lacrimal	tiny bones bearing tear ducts
Maxilla	anterior part of hard palate
Ethmoid	superior and medial nasal conchae fromed from its projections, site of cribriform plate, bears an upward protrusion, crista galli
Temporal	site of mastoid process, styloid process, middle ear found here
Hyoid	small u-shaped bone in neck, where many tongue muscles attach
Vomer	nasal septum
Which 4 bones contain paranasal sinuses?	maxilla, sphenoid, ethmoid, frontal
What bones contain alveoli bearing teeth?	Mandible and maxilla
Suture	interlocking joints that joins bones
Which skull bone is not joined by a suture?	mandible
Which bones are connected by the lambdoid suture?	occipital and parietal
Which bones are connected by the Squamous suture?	temporal and parietal
What are the 8 bones of the cranium?	parietalx2, temporalx2, frontal, occipital, sphenoid, epthmoid
Function of the sinuses	lighten the facial bones, and resonance chambers for speech
What is the orbit?	the socket that holds the eye
What bones contribute to the formation of the orbit?	ethmoid bone, frontal bone, Maxillae, lacrimal, palatine
Why can the sphenoid bone be called the keystone of the cranial floor?	it comes in contact with all the other cranial bones
Atlas	works with occipital condyle to allow head to nod, supports the head
Axis	provides a pivot for rotation of the atlas
Cervical vertebra	contains foramina in the transverse processes which the vertebral arteries ascend to reach the brain
Coccyx	tail bone, fused vertebrae
Sacrum	composite bone, articulates with the hip bone laterally
Lumbar vertebra	massive vertebrae weight-sustaining
Thoracic vertebra	transverse processes faceted for articulation with ribs, spinous process pointing sharply downward
Cavity enclosing the nerve end	vertebral foramen
Weight-bearing portion of the vertebra	body
Provide levers against which muscles pull (vertebral)	spinous process, transverse process
Provide an articulation point for the ribs	body and transverse process
Openings providing for exit of spinal nerves	intervertebral foramina
Structures that form an enclosure for the spinal cord	body and vertebral arch
Describe how a spinal nerve exists from the vertebral column	through the intervertebral foramina
Name two structures that permit flexibility of the vertebral column	s-shaped construction of the vertebrae, presence of intervertebral discs
What kind of tissue composes the intervertebral discs	central gelatinous and collagen fibers
What is a herniated disc?	when the annulus purpose ruptures, parts of the disc might press on the spinal cord causing numbness or excruciating pain
What two spinal curvatures are obvious at birth?	Thoracic and sacral
Under what conditions do the secondary curvatures develop?	When the baby begins holding its head and when the baby starts to walk
How is the arm held clear of the widest dimension of the thoracic cage?	the clavicle acts as a brace to hold the arm away from the top of the thorax
What is the total number of phalanges in the hand?	14
What is the total number of carpals in the wrist?	8
Pectoral girdle	flexibility most important, lightweight, insecure axial and limb attachment
Pelvic	massive, secure axial and limb attachments, weight-bearing most important
What organs are protected by the pelvic girdle	ovaries, urinary bladder, intestines
Deltoid tuberosity	raised area on lateral surface of humerus to which deltoid muscle attaches
Acromion	Scapular region to which the clavicle connects
Glenoid Cavity	depression in the scapula that articulates with the humerus
Coracoid process	process above the glenoid cavity that permits muscle attachment
Trochlea	distal condyle of the humerus; adjoins the radius
Capitulum	rounded knob on the humerus; adjoins the radius
Coronoid fossa	anterior depression, superior to the trochlea, which receives part of the ulna when the forearm is flexed
Cartilaginous	allows slight movement, includes joints between the vertebral and pubic symphysis, cartilage connecting bony portions
Fibrous	essentially immovable joints, sutures, bones region are united by fibrous connective tissue
Synovial	all characterized by a fibrous articular capsule with synovial membrane surrounding a joint cavity, freely movable or Diarthrotic, hip, knee and elbow joints
Ligament	unite bones, prevent excessive motion, the more ligament the stronger
Tendon	most important stabilizing factor kept useful by toning
Articular cartilage	covers the surface of the bones forming the joints
Synovial membrane	produce synovial liquid which reduces friction
Bursa	sacs that reduces friction when tendons cross bone
Ball and socket	hip joint, multiaxial
Condyloid	joint between forearm bones and wrist, skull and vertebral column, biaxial joints
Gliding	intervertebral joints (between articular processes), intercarpal joints,
Hinge	uniaxial joints,

Created by: MitsukiTenshi

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