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APGovCh1Terms
Chapter One terms for AP Gov/Politics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Authority | The right to use power |
| Bureaucrats | Appointed officials who operate government agencies and large corporations |
| Bureaucratic Theory | A theory that bureaucrats make the key governing decisions. According to this theory, the incluence of government bureaucracies has become so great that elected officials are almost powerless to affect policy. |
| Client Politics | Political activity in which the benefits of a policy are concentrated on a small, easily organized group while the costs are widely distributed among the public at large. |
| Democracy | A word used to describe at least 3 different political systems that each embody the principle of popular rule, if only in the interests of the people. |
| Democratic Centralism | A form of democracy in which the true interests of the masses were discovered through discussion within the Communist party, then decisions were made under central leadership to serve those interests. |
| Direct (Particapatory) Democracy | A form of democracy in which most, or all, of the citizenry participate directly by either holding office or making policy. |
| Elite | An identifiable group of persons who possess a disproportionate share of some valued resource |
| Entrepeneurial Politics | Political activity in which the benefits of a policy are widely distributed but the costs are concentrated on a small group. |
| Interest Group Politics | Political activity in which the costs of a policy are concentrated on a small group while the benefits are concentrated on a different but equally small group. |
| Legitimacy | What makes a law or constitution a source of rightful power |
| Legitimacy Barrier | A shared public belief that limits access to the political agenda, depending on whether an issue is considered an appropriate subject for government action. This barrier has collapsed, as politics has become involved in nearly everything. |
| Majoritarian Politics | A political system in which leaders are constrained to follow closely the wishes of the people. Costs and benefits are widely distributed. |
| Marxist Theory | The ideology espoused by Karl Marx which holds that government is a reflection of economic forces, primarily ownership of the means of production. The economic structure of a society shapes its politics and determines political outcomes. |
| Pluralist Theory | A theory that holds that political resources are divided among different kinds of elites, giving relevant itnerest in the chance to influence the outcome of decisions. Policies are made by conflict between affected groups. |
| Political Power | Power used to determine who will hold government office and how the government will behave. |
| Power | The ability of one person to cause another person to act in accordance with the first person's intentions. In other words, the ability to control another person's actions. |
| Power Elite | A political theory espoused by C. Wright Mills which holds that an elite of corporate leaders, top military officers, and key political leaders make most of the political decisions. |
| Representative Democracy | Political system where political power is conferred on those selected by voters in competitive elections. |
| Weber, Max A. | German historian and sociologist who criticized the theories of Karl Marx, arguing that all institutions have fallen under the control of large bureaucracies whose expertise is essential to the management of contemporary affairs. |
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