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Biology Test #7

Test

Question	Answer
When cells break down food molecules, energy is temporarily stored in ___________ molecules.	ATP
________ is essential for a cell to perform all tasks necessary for life.	ATP
The process of _________ breaks down food molecules to release stored energy.	Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration: Organic compounds:: automobile:	Gasoline
Name 3 things that happen during glucolysis.	1. Glucose is split 2. ATP is produced 3. 2 molecules of pyruvic acid are produced
When molecules are exercised extensively in the absence of oxygen, ___________ is produced.	Lactic Acid
2. You have been growing some animal cells in a culture. The cells grow well for weeks, and then their growth slows. You conduct tests and determine that there is a lot of lactic acid in the culture. What is missing from the culture?	Oxygen
Name the 2 stages of Cellular Respiration.	Glycolysis and Aerobic Respiration
In cellular respiration a 2 C mol. Combines with a 4C to form citric acids as a part of the__________.	Krebs Cycle
Name 3 things that Acetyl CO A is used for.	Breaks down pyruvic acid Helps to make needed molecules Enters the Krebs cycle
Name three reactants found in the Krebs cycle.	1. CO2 2. NADH 3. FADH2
Name the 3 main parts of cellular respiration.	1. Glycolysis 2. Krebs Cycle 3. ETC
Water is an end product in the________.	Electron Transport Chain
Krebs Cycle: CO2:: ETC:	ATP
ATP molecules produced during aerobic respiration enter the cell’s cytoplasm through the membrane of the____________ where they are formed.	Mitochondria
At the end of the _____ the e-combine with oxygen and protons to form water.	ETC
When living cells break down molecules, energy is stored as ______ and released as heat.	ATP
In cellular respiration, the most energy is transferred during the________.	ETC
Electrons are donated to the ETC by _______ and _________.	NADH and FADH2
In the formation of 38 molecules of ATP requires 266 Kcal of energy and the complete oxidation of glucose yields 686 kcal of energy, how efficient is cellular respiration at extracting energy from glucose.	39%
How many ATP are produced by Glycolysis?	2
No _________ in Glycolysis.	oxygen
Maximun possible yields of 38... 4 molecules are produced during glycolysis.	True
Glycolysis is a biochemical pathway...that is anaerobic.	True
Krebs Cycle in Lysosomes	False
Glucose splits into 2 ... during photosynthesis.	False
ATP release energy when a new phosphate group is added.	False
During fermentation either ethyl alcohol or...	True
The process by which cells break down organic compounds to produce ATP.	Cellular Respiration
Both autotrophs and heterotrophs use cellular respiration to make ________ and water from organic compounds and _____.	CO2 and 02
What are the products of Cell. Respiration?	CO2 and H2O
Where does glycolysis take place?	cytosol of cells
During glycolysis what happens?	one six-carbon glucose molecule is oxidized to form two three-carbon pyruvic acid molecules.
If oxygen is not present, some cells can convert pyruvic acid into other compounds through additional biochemical pathways that occur in the cytosol. The combination of glycolysis and these additional pathways is...?	Fermentation
Fermentation does not produce_____, but it does regenerate NAD+, which allows for the continued production of ATP through glycolysis.	ATP
In lactic acid fermentation, an enzyme converts pyruvic acid into another three-carbon compound, called...?	Lactic Acid
Some plants and unicellular organisms, such as yeast, use a process called___________ to convert pyruvic acid into ethyl alcohol and CO2.	Alcoholic Fermentation
Through glycolysis, only about _______of the energy available from the oxidation of glucose is captured as ATP.	2%
Much of the energy originally contained in glucose is still held in_________.	Pyruvic Acid
In eukaryotic cells, the processes of aerobic respiration occur in the ____________. Aerobic respiration only occurs if oxygen is present in the cell.	Mitochondria
The Krebs cycle occurs in the...?	Mitochondrial Matrix
The electron transport chain (which is associated with chemiosmosis) is located in the_______?	inner membrane
In the mitochondrial matrix, pyruvic acid produced in glycolysis reacts with coenzyme A to form ...?	acetyl CoA
These two turns(2 Pyruvic Acids) produce four CO2 molecules, two ATP molecules, and hydrogen atoms that are used to make six NADH and two FADH2 molecules.	Krebs Cycle
High-energy electrons in hydrogen atoms from NADH and FADH2 are passed from molecule to molecule in the__________along the inner mitochondrial membrane	ETC
Protons (hydrogen ions, H+) are also given up by...?	NADH and FADH2
The resulting high concentration of protons creates a ___________and a charge gradient across the inner membrane.	concentration of protons
ATP synthase and down their concentration and electrical gradients, ATP is produced. Oxygen combines with the electrons and protons to form________.	Water
ATP can be synthesized by__________ only if electrons continue to move along the electron transport chain.	chemiosmosis
_______can continue to be made through chemiosmosis.	ATP
Cellular respiration can produce up to ____ ATP molecules from the oxidation of a single molecule of glucose. Most eukaryotic cells produce about ___ ATP molecules per molecule of glucose.	38 and 36
Molecules formed at different steps in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle are often used by cells to _________that are missing in food.	make compounds

Created by: 14eatonbri

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