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Heep, Derm, Define
Definition for Dermatology for Heep, Survey of Western Clinical Sciences, Bastyr
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 conditions of skin lesions: | Based on skin level: Flat, Elevated, Depressed |
| Define Macule: | round, flat, less than 0.5 cm. |
| Define Patch: | round flat more than 0.5 cm. |
| Defne Petechia: | deposit of blood less than 0.5 cm. |
| Defne Purpura: | deposit of blood more than 0.5 cm |
| Define Infarct: | necrosis due to lack of blood. |
| Define Sclerosis: | hardness of skin due to chronic inflammation. |
| Define Papule: | elevated lesion ≤ 0.5 cm. |
| Define Plaque: | elevated lesion ≥ 0.5 cm. |
| Define Nodule: | round, solid lesion > 0.5 cm. |
| Define Vesicle: | fluid filled lesion ≤ 0.5 cm. |
| Define Bulla: | fluid filled lesion ≥ 0.5 cm. |
| Define Pustule: | lesion filled with pus. |
| Define Wheal: | infiltration of dermis with fluid. |
| Define Papilloma: | benign epithelial neoplasm. |
| Define Abscess: | filled with pus with tissue destruction and swelling. |
| Define Cyst: | semisolid with a wall. |
| Define Exudate: | crust or scab. |
| Define Scales: | flakes of epithelium that are shed. |
| Define Scar: | New formation of connective tissue due to "dermal" damage. |
| Define Keloid: | Hypertrophied scar. Scar tissue beyond the boundary of the tissue. |
| Define Lichenification: | thickened epidermis. |
| Define Hypertrophy: | increase bulk or size. |
| Define Burrow: | Narrow elevated channels. |
| Define Comedo: | Black / white head. • |
| Define Atrophy | Depressed lesion, thinning of epidermis or dermis. • |
| Define Erosion | Depressed lesion, loss of epidermis. • |
| Define Ulcer | Depressed lesion, loss of epidermis and dermis that leaves scar. • |
| Define Fissure: | Depressed lesion, linear loss of epidermis and dermis. • |
| Define Scar: | Depressed lesion, damage to skin. • |
| Define Sinus: | Depressed lesion, same as fistula. • |
| Define Gangrene: | Depressed lesion, necrosis due to loss of circulation. |
| Functions of Skin? | –Homeostasis –Protect fluids –Protects invasion to body –Controls body temperature –Vit D synthesis |
| What is the Heaviest organ? | Skin. 16% of body weight! |
| Describe Skin Layers: | epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue: |
| Describe Epidermis: | •Keratinized horny layer •Cellular layer with melanin and keratin |
| Describe Dermis: | rich in blood vessels, glands and hair follicles. |
| Describe Subcutaneous layer of the skin: | adipose or fat layer |
| What are Skin appendages: | –Hair –Nail –Sebaceous glands –Sweat glands |
| What makes skin color? | Skin color: melanin, carotene, hemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin –Cyanosis |
| Define Cyanosis: | is a bluish coloration of the skin due to the presence of deoxygenated hemoglobin in blood vessels near the skin surface. |
| Define Peripheral Cyanosis: | When cutaneous blood decreases or slows •cold, Raynaud's, anxiety, carpal tunnel syndrome |
| Define Central Cyanosis: | When the oxygen saturation of arterial blood falls below 85%. • hypoxia, CO poisoning |
| Describe Glands of the skin: | •Sebaceous –Fat secretion through hair follicles. –Not on palms and soles. •Sweat: eccrine, apocrine –Eccrine direct to skin. –Apocrine through hair follicle; • axillary and genital • body odor. |
| 3 conditions of skin lesions: | Based on skin level: Flat, Elevated, Depressed |
| Define Macule: | round, flat, less than 0.5 cm. |
| Define Patch: | round flat more than 0.5 cm. |
| Defne Petechia: | deposit of blood less than 0.5 cm. |
| Defne Purpura: | deposit of blood more than 0.5 cm |
| Define Infarct: | necrosis due to lack of blood. |
| Define Sclerosis: | hardness of skin due to chronic inflammation. |
| Define Papule: | elevated lesion ≤ 0.5 cm. |
| Define Plaque: | elevated lesion ≥ 0.5 cm. |
| Define Nodule: | round, solid lesion > 0.5 cm. |
| Define Vesicle: | fluid filled lesion ≤ 0.5 cm. |
| Define Bulla: | fluid filled lesion ≥ 0.5 cm. |
| Define Pustule: | lesion filled with pus. |
| Define Wheal: | infiltration of dermis with fluid. |
| Define Papilloma: | benign epithelial neoplasm. |
| Define Abscess: | filled with pus with tissue destruction and swelling. |
| Define Cyst: | semisolid with a wall. |
| Define Exudate: | crust or scab. |
| Define Scales: | flakes of epithelium that are shed. |
| Define Scar: | New formation of connective tissue due to "dermal" damage. |
| Define Keloid: | Hypertrophied scar. Scar tissue beyond the boundary of the tissue. |
| Define Lichenification: | thickened epidermis. |
| Define Hypertrophy: | increase bulk or size. |
| Define Burrow: | Narrow elevated channels. |
| Define Comedo: | Black / white head. • |
| Define Atrophy | Depressed lesion, thinning of epidermis or dermis. • |
| Define Erosion | Depressed lesion, loss of epidermis. • |
| Define Ulcer | Depressed lesion, loss of epidermis and dermis that leaves scar. • |
| Define Fissure: | Depressed lesion, linear loss of epidermis and dermis. • |
| Define Scar: | Depressed lesion, damage to skin. • |
| Define Sinus: | Depressed lesion, same as fistula. • |
| Define Gangrene: | Depressed lesion, necrosis due to loss of circulation. |
| Describe skin Color changes: | –Pigmentation: hyper vs hypo - Addison's disease, Thalassemia, Cushings / Albinism –Yellow (Jaundice): Hepatitis, Gilbert's (eyes), Fatigue (eyes), Carotenemia (palms and soles) |
| Skin changes in Moisture: | dry - clammy |
| Skin changes in Temperature: | warm - cold |
| Define Turgor: | Skin turgor is the skin's degree of resistance to deformation and is determined by various factors, such as the amount of fluids in the body (hydration) and age (loss of elasticity). |
| DDx of Pustules: | acne, rosacea, folliculitis, impetigo, candidiasis. |
| DDx of Vesicles: | shingles, herpes simplex. |
| DDx of White spots: | tinea versicolor, vitiligo. |
| DDx of Purpura: | thrombocytopenia, vasculitis - bruises and subcutaneous –Bruises and subcutaneous bleeding can be due to medication such as aspirin and Coumadin. |
Created by:
bastyr41
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