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The scientific study of the origins, symptoms, and development of psychological disorders.
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A pattern of behavioral and psychological symptoms that causes significant personal distress, impairs the ability to function in one or more important areas of life, or both.
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Pscyh Chapter 13
Psychological Disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The scientific study of the origins, symptoms, and development of psychological disorders. | psychopathology |
| A pattern of behavioral and psychological symptoms that causes significant personal distress, impairs the ability to function in one or more important areas of life, or both. | psychological disorder or mental disorder |
| Abbrev for the Digansotic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision; the book published by the American Psychiatric Assoc that describes the specific symptoms and diagnostic guidelines for different psychological disorders | DSM-IV-TR |
| An unpleasant emotional state characterized by physical arousal and feelings of tension, apprehension, and worry | anxiety |
| A category of psychological disorders in which extreme anxiety is the main diagnostic feature and causes significant disruptions in the person's cognitive, behavioral, or interpersonal functioning | anxiety disorders |
| An anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, global, and persistent symptoms of anxiety; also called free-floating anxiety | generalized anxiety disorder |
| A sudden episode of extreme anxiety that rapidly escalates in intensity | panic attack |
| An anxiety disorder in which the person experiences frequent and unexpected panic attacks | panic disorder |
| An anxiety disorder involving the extreme and irrational fear of experiencing a panic attack in a public situation and being unable to escape or get help | agoraphobia |
| A persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity | phobia |
| An excessive, intense, and irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity that is actively avoided or endured with marked anxiety | specific phobia |
| An anxiety disorder involving the extreme and irrational fear of being embarrassed, judged, or scrutinized by others in social situations | social phobia or social anxiety disorder |
| An anxiety disorder in which chronic and persistent symptoms of anxiety develop in response to extreme physical or psycholgoical trauma | post-traumatic stress disorder |
| An anxiety disorder in which the symptoms of anxiety are triggered by intrusive, repetitve thoughts and urges to perform certain actions | obessive-compulsive disorder |
| Repeated, intrusive, and uncontrollable irrational thoughts or mental images that cause extreme anxiety and distress | obessions |
| Repetitive behaviors or mental acts that are performed to prevent or reduce anxiety | compulsions |
| A category of mental disorders in which significant and persistent disruptions in mood or emotions cause impaired cognitive, behavioral, and physical functioning; also called affective disorders | mood disorders |
| A mood disorder characterized by extreme and persistent feelings of despondency, worthlessness, and hopelessness, causing impaired emtional, cognitive, behavioral, and physical functioning | major depression |
| A mood disorder in which episodes of depression typically occur during the fall and winter and subside during the spring and summer | seasonal affective disorder |
| A mood disorder involving chronic, low-grade feelings of depression that produce subjective discomfort but do not seriously impair the ability to function. | dysthymic disorder |
| A mood disorder involving periods of incapacitating depression alternating with periods of extreme euphoria and excitement, formerly called manic depression | bipolar disorder |
| A sudden, rapidly escalating emotional state characterized by extreme euphoria, excitement, physical energy, and rapid thoughts and speech | manic episode |
| A mood disorder characterized by moderate but frequent mood swings that are not severe enough to qualify as bipolar disorder | cyclothymic disorder |
| A category of mental disorders characterized by severe disturbances in eating behavior | eating disorder |
| An eating disorder characterized by excessive weight loss, an irrational fear of gaining weight, and disorted body self-perception | anorexia nervosa |
| An eating disorder characterized by binges of extreme overeating followed by self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, or other inappropriate methods to purge the excessive food and prevent weight gain | bulimia nervosa |
| Inflexible, maladaptive patterns of thoughts, emotions, behavior, and interpersonal functioning that are stable over time and across situations, and deviate from the expectations of the individual's culture | personality disorder |
| A personality disorder characterized by a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of the motives of others without sufficient basis | paranoid personality disorder |
| A personality disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregarding and violating the rights of others; such individuals are also often referred to as psychopaths or sociopaths | antisocial personality disorder |
| A personality disorder characterized by instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotions, and marked impulsivity | borderline personality disorder |
| A break or disruption in consciouness during which awareness, memory, and personal identity become separated or divided. | dissociative disorders |
| A dissociative disorder involving the partial or total inability to recall important personal information | dissociative amnesia |
| A dissociative disorder involving sudden and unexpected travel away from home, extensive amnesia, and identity confusion | dissociative fugue |
| A dissociative disorder involving extensive memory disruptions along with the presence of two or more distinct identities, or "personalities"; formerly called mutiple personality disorder | dissociative identity disorder |
| A psychological disorder in which they ability to function is impaired by severely distorted beliefs, perceptions, and thought processes | schizophrenia |
| In schizophrenia, symptoms that reflect excesses or distortions of normal functioning including delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thoughts and behavior | positive symptoms |
| In schizophrenia, symptoms that reflect defects or deficits in normal functioning, including flat affect, alogia, and avolition | negative sumptoms |
| A falsely held belief that persists despite compelling contradictory evidence | delusion |
| A false or distorted perception that seems vividlyreal to the person experiencing it. | hallucinations |
| The view that schizophrenia is related to and may be caused by, excessive activity of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain | dopamine hypothesis |
| Name the 6 Anxiety Disorders | 1. (GAD) Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2. (OCD) Obessive-Compulsive Disorder 3. (PTSD) Posttraumatic stress disorder 4.Panic Disorder 5.Phobias 6. (SAD)Social anxiety disorder |
| Name the 5 Mood Disorders | 1. Major Depression 2. Bipolar Disorder 3. Seasonal Affective Disorder 4.Dysthymic Disorder 5. Cyclothymic Disorder |
| Name the 2 Eating Disorders | 1. Anorexia Nervosa 2. Bulimia Nervosa |
| Name the 3 Personality Disorders | 1.Paranoid Personality Disorder 2. Antisocial Personality Disorder 3. Borderline Personality Disorder |
| Name the 4 Dissociative Disorders | 1. Dissociative Experiences 2. Dissociative Amnesia 3. Dissociative Fugue 4. Dissociative identity Disorder (DID) |
| Describe Positive Symptoms for Schizophrenia | Excesses or distortions of normal functioning 1. Dellusions: False Beliefs 2. Hallucinations: false perceptions Severly disorganzied thoughts, speech, and behavior |
| Describe Negative Symptoms for Schizophrenia | Deficits in normal functioning 1. Flat affect: emotionally blunted reactions 2. Algoia: Greatly reduced speech 3. Avolition: Apathy and diminished goal-directed behavior |
| Commonly seen negative symptom of schizophrenia in which an individual consistently shows a dramatic reduction in emotional responsiveness & lack of normal facial expression; few expressive gesturesare made,& persons speech is slow & monotonos. | flat affect |
| Delusion in which the person believes that other people are constantly talking about her or that everything that happens is somehow related to her. | Delusions of reference |
| Subtype of schizophrenia in which an individual displays some combination of positive & negative symptoms that does not clearly fit the criteria for the paranoid, catatonic, or disorganized type. | Undifferentiated Type |
| Fluid-filled cavities located deep within the brain | ventricles |
| Subtype of schizo that is characterized by the presence of delusions, hallucinations, or both; the person shows virtually no cognitive impairment, disorganized behavior, or negative symptoms; instead well-orgainized delusions of persecution are operating | Paranoid Type of Schizophrenia |
| View that schizophrenia is related to, and my be caused by excess activity of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain | Dopamine Hypothesis |
| Medication that helps control bioplar Disorder | Lithium |
Created by:
dbarbery21