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computer hardware1
chapter 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An IDE cable that has 40 pins but uses 80 wires, 40 of which are ground wires designed to reduce crosstalk on the cable. The cable is used by ATA/66 and higher IDE drives. | 80-conductor IDE cable |
| a nonprofit organization dedicated to creating trade and communications standards. | ANSI(American National Standards Institute) |
| Specification developed by Intel, Compaq, Phoenix, Microsoft, and Toshiba to control power on computers and other devices. | ATAPI( Advanced technology Attachment Packet Interface) |
| A feature of system BIOS and hard drives that automatically identifies and configures a new drive in BIOS setup. | autodetection |
| A method of data transfer between hard drive and memory that allows multiple data transfers on a single software interrupt. | block mode |
| The first sector of a floppy disk or hard drive volume; it contains information about the disk or volume. On a hard drive, if the boot record is in the active partition, then it can be used to boot the OS. | boot record |
| One or more sectors that constitute the smallest unit of space on a disk for storing data (also referred to as a file allocation unit). Files are written to a disk as groups of whole clusters. | cluster |
| A transfer mode used by devices, including the hard drive, to transfer data to memory without involving the CPU. | DMA(direct memory access transfer mode) |
| A standard for managing the interface between secondary storage devices and a computer system. A system can support up to four parallel ATA IDE devices such as hard drives, CD-ROM drives, and DVD drives. | EIDE(Enhanced IDE) |
| A standard for external drives based on SATA that uses a special external shielded SATA cable up to 2 meters long. eSATA is up to six times faster than USB or FireWire. | external SATA(eSATA) |
| The 12-bit wide, one-column file allocation table for a floppy disk, containing information about how each cluster or file allocation unit on the disk is currently used. | FAT12 |
| One or more sectors that constitute the smallest unit of space on a disk for storing data (also referred to as a file allocation unit). | file allocation unit |
| A drive that can hold either a 5 inch or 3 inch floppy disk. Also called floppy drive. | floppy disk drive |
| the firmware that controls access to the hard drive contained on a circuit board mounted on or inside the hard drive housing. | hard drive controller |
| The top or bottom surface of one platter on a hard drive. Each platter has two heads. | head |
| Formatting performed by the Windows Format program (for example, FORMAT C:/S), the Windows installation program, or the Disk Management utility | high-level formatting |
| A drive that can hold either a 5 inch or 3 inch floppy disk. Also called floppy drive. | floppy disk drive |
| A hard drive whose disk controller is integrated into the drive, eliminating the need for a controller cable and thus increasing speed, as well as reducing price. | IDE |
| the firmware that controls access to the hard drive contained on a circuit board mounted on or inside the hard drive housing. | hard drive controller |
| A process (usually performed at the factory) that electronically creates the hard drive tracks and sectors and tests for bad spots on the disk surface. | low-level formatting |
| A number assigned to a logical device (such as a tray in a CD changer) that is part of a physical SCSI device, which is assigned a SCSI ID. | Logical Unit Number |
| The top or bottom surface of one platter on a hard drive. Each platter has two heads. | head |
| A process (usually performed at the factory) that electronically creates the hard drive tracks and sectors and tests for bad spots on the disk surface. | low-level formatting |
| An older IDE cabling method that uses a 40-pin flat or round data cable or an 80- conductor cable and a 40-pin IDE connector. | parallel ATA |
| Formatting performed by the Windows Format program (for example, FORMAT C:/S), the Windows installation program, or the Disk Management utility | high-level formatting |
| A transfer mode that uses the CPU to transfer data from the hard drive to memory. PIO mode is slower than DMA mode. | PIO |
| An older IDE cabling method that uses a 40-pin flat or round data cable or an 80- conductor cable and a 40-pin IDE connector. | transfer mode |
| A sealed, magnetic coil device that moves across the surface of a disk either reading data from or writing data to the disk. | read/write head |
| A transfer mode that uses the CPU to transfer data from the hard drive to memory. PIO mode is slower than DMA mode. | PIO |
| A fast interface between a host adapter and the CPU that can daisy chain as many as 7 or 15 devices on a single bus. | SCSI |
| The circuit board that controls a SCSI bus supporting as many as seven or fifteen separate devices. The host adapter controls communication between the SCSI bus and the PC. | host adapter |
| A number from 0 to 15 assigned to each SCSI device attached to the daisy chain. | SCSI ID |
| A sealed, magnetic coil device that moves across the surface of a disk either reading data from or writing data to the disk. | read/write head |
| An ATAPI cabling method that uses a narrower and more reliable cable than the 80-conductor cable. See also parallel ATA. | serial ATA |
| A hard drive whose disk controller is integrated into the drive, eliminating the need for a controller cable and thus increasing speed, as well as reducing price. | IDE |
| An IDE cable that is narrower and has fewer pins than the parallel IDE 80-conductor cable. | Serial ATA cable |
| The resistor added at the end of a SCSI chain to dampen the voltage at the end of the chain. | terminating resistor |
| A number from 0 to 15 assigned to each SCSI device attached to the daisy chain. | SCSI ID |
| A number assigned to a logical device (such as a tray in a CD changer) that is part of a physical SCSI device, which is assigned a SCSI ID. | Logical Unit Number |
| An ATAPI cabling method that uses a narrower and more reliable cable than the 80-conductor cable. See also parallel ATA. | serial ATA |
| A process (usually performed at the factory) that electronically creates the hard drive tracks and sectors and tests for bad spots on the disk surface. | low-level formatting |
| An IDE cable that is narrower and has fewer pins than the parallel IDE 80-conductor cable. | Serial ATA cable |
| Formatting performed by the Windows Format program (for example, FORMAT C:/S), the Windows installation program, or the Disk Management utility | operating system formatting |
| An older IDE cabling method that uses a 40-pin flat or round data cable or an 80- conductor cable and a 40-pin IDE connector. | parallel ATA |
| a method of storing data | zone bit recording |
| A transfer mode that uses the CPU to transfer data from the hard drive to memory. PIO mode is slower than DMA mode. | PIO |
| transfer mode | |
| A sealed, magnetic coil device that moves across the surface of a disk either reading data from or writing data to the disk. | read/write head |
| A fast interface between a host adapter and the CPU that can daisy chain as many as 7 or 15 devices on a single bus. | SCSI |
| A number from 0 to 15 assigned to each SCSI device attached to the daisy chain. | SCSI ID |
| An ATAPI cabling method that uses a narrower and more reliable cable than the 80-conductor cable. See also parallel ATA. | serial ATA |
| An IDE cable that is narrower and has fewer pins than the parallel IDE 80-conductor cable. | Serial ATA cable |
| The resistor added at the end of a SCSI chain to dampen the voltage at the end of the chain. | terminating resistor |
| a method of storing data | zone bit recording |
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kevpaul
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