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CMB-Chapter 11

CMB - Chapter 11 - Drug & Medical Terminology

QuestionAnswer
angio vessel
pathy disease
stasis steady
cyte cell
ic pertaining to
emia blood
tension pressure
leuk white
neuro nerve
hom same
anti against
hyper high
hypo low
pyret fever
glyc sugar
erythr red
a-, an- without, deficiency
ana excessive, again
auto self, same
cata down
epi on, upon
hemi one-half
idio one's own, self-produced
inter between
intra within
mal bad, a disorder
meta change or transformation
neo new or recent
onco tumor
pan all, entire
poly many
pro before
quadric four
sym, syn with, together
arthro joint
arterio artery
athero fatty substance or plaque
carcino cancer
cardio heart
cyst bladder
cyto cell
derma skin
dont teeth
gastro stomach
hemato blood
kinsei movement, motion
lingu tongue
lipo fat
myo muscle
nephro kidney
oto ear
pneumo lung
osteo bone
algia pain
ectomy surgical removal, excision
esthesia sensation
genesis formation, creation
gram a record of tracing
graph instrument
graphy process of recording
ist one who specializes in
itis inflamation
meter instrument used to measure
ology the study of
oma tumor
osis condition or process
otomy a temporary incision
penia deficiency
phagia eating
plasty surgical formation of
rhage, rhagia excessive discharge
acute short-term or rapid onset
anabolism building up body tissue from nutrients such as proteins; constructive metabolism
analgesia loss of sensibility to pain
anesthesia complete loss of sensation
antiseptic preventing decay by killing or preventing the growth of microorganisms
arthritis inflammation of one or more joints
benign not harmful or life-threatening & does not spread
carcinoma a cancerous, malignant or life threatening tumor
cardiac pertaining to the heart
catabolism creating energy from breaking down fats or carbs
chronic long-term or constant
edema excessive amount of fluid in a tissue
glucosuria abnormal presence of glucose in the urine
hemiplegia paralysis of one side of the body
hyperesthesia excessive sensibility to stimuli
hypernatremia excessive amount of sodium in the blood
hyponatremia deficient amount of sodium in the blood
hypervolemia excessive amount of fluid in the body; also called edema
hypovolemia deficient amount of fluid in the body; dehydration
idiopathic denoting a disease of an unknown cause
lipid fat
malignant harmful, life threatening & tends to spread
metastasis transfer of disease from one organ to another as seen in cancer
metabolism the sum of chemical reactions that provide energy for vital processes in the body
oncogenic causing tumor formation
oncology study concerning the diagnosis, treatment & prevention of tumors
parenteral injection or introduction into body via any route other than by mouth
pediatrics branch of medicine concerned with the development and diseases of children
podiatry branch of medicine concerned with diseases and iniuries of the foot
polydipsia excessive thirst; often seen in patients with diabetes
polyphagia excessive eating; often seen in patients with diabetes
polyuria excessive urination; often seen in patients with diabetes
prognosis forecast of the probable course of a disease
prophylaxis prevention of disease; preventative treatment
quadriplegia paralysis of all four limbs
sclerosis a hardening especially from inflammation
sepsis presence of pathogenic organisms or toxins
sign evidence of a disease state such as a fever
spasm involuntary muscle contraction, convulsion
symptom an effect observed by the patient (e.g., pain)
syndrome aggregate signs and symptoms of a disease
The acronym SOAP stands for ? "subjective, objective, assessment, and plan."
2/2 "Due to" or "secondary to"
AAA Abdominal aortic aneurysm
AAF African American female
AAM African American male
AAO x3 Awake, alert, and oriented
ABD Abdomen
ABX Antibiotics
AKA Above the knee amputation
All Allergies
Asx Asymptomatic
BKA Below the knee amputation
BSO Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
Bx Biopsy
c/o Complaining of
CA cancer
CABG Coronary artery bypass graft
CBC Complete blood count
CBC+diff Complete blood count with differential
CC chief complaint
CP Chest pain
c-section Cesarean section
CTA Clear to auscultation
CV Cardiovascular
DBP Diastolic blood pressure - Blood pressure during the relaxation of the ventricle (bottom number)
DC or D/C Discontinue
DDx Differential diagnosis - List of possible causes of a condition
DIP Distal interphalangeal - Bones in fingers that are looked at in patients with arthritis
DNR Do not resuscitate
DOE Dyspnea on exertion - Shortness of breath with activity
Dx Diagnosis - Identifying what the cause of a condition is
EOMI Extra-Ocular Movements Intact - Normal movements outside of the eye
etOH Alcohol
Ext Extremities - Examination of the feet, hands, etc.
f/u Follow-up
FH Family history
GI Gastrointestinal
H&P History and physical examination
h/o History of
HA or H/A Headache
HEENT Head, eyes, ears, nose, throat
HM Heart murmur; health maintenance
HPI History of present illness
I&0 Inputs and outputs - Measures amount of fluids taken and amount of urine passed
IgG Immunoglobulin G - Used to determine if patient has been infected by an organisms in the past
IgM Immunoglobulin M - Used to determine if patient is currently infected by an organism
ISH Isolated systolic hypertension - systolic blood pressure (top number) is greater than 140 & the diastolic blood pressure (bottom number) is less than 90
IVDA Intravenous drug abuse
LFT Liver function tests
LLE Left lower extremity
LLQ Left lower quadrant
LP Lumbar puncture
LUE Left upper extremity
LUQ Left upper quadrant
LVH Left ventricular hypertrophy
MSE Mental status examination
MVA Motor vehicle accident
MVI Multivitamin
N/V Nausea and vomiting
N/V/D Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
Neuro Neurological
NKDA No known drug allergies
NPO Nothing by mouth
NSR Normal sinus rhythm
PCA Patient-controlled analgesia - Device patients use to control their own pain therapy
PCI Percutaneous coronary intervention - Procedure done in patients that have had a heart attack to prevent future heart attacks
PCP Primary care physician
PE Physical examination
PERRLA Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive To Light And Accommodation
PIP Proximal interphalangeal
PMH Past medical history
PPD Packs per day
PRBC Packed red blood cells
Px Prognosis
r/g/m Rubs, gallops, murmurs
r/o Rules out
RICE Rest, ice, compression, elevation
RLE Right lower extremity
RLQ Right lower quadrant
ROS Review of symptoms
RRR Regular rate and rhythm
RUE Right upper extremity
RUQ Right upper quadrant
RVH Right ventricular hypertrophy
Rx Prescription medications
s/p Status post
SBP Systolic blood pressure - Blood pressure during the contraction of the ventricle (top number)
SH Social history
SMBG Self-monitoring of blood glucose
SOB Shortness of breath
STD Sexually transmitted disease
Sx symptom
T Temperature
TAH Total abdominal hysterectomy - Removal of uterus and cervix
THR Total hip replacement
VS Vital signs Consists of the patients temperature, heart rate/pulse, blood pressure, etc.
w/o without
WDWN Well developed and well nourished
WF White female
WM White male
WNL Within normal limits
yo Years old
ACD Anemia of chronic disease - Disease in which there is a deficiency of red blood cells due to a particular disease
ACKD Anemia of chronic kidney disease - Disease in which there is a deficiency of red blood cells due to a kidney disease
ACS Acute coronary syndrome - Comprised of unstable angina, nonSTEMI, and STEMI which present as severe chest pain
ADHD Attention-deficit hyperactive disorder - Disorder characterized by hyperactive behavior often seen in children
Afib Atrial fibrillation - Type of arrhythmia or abnormal heart beat
AIDS Acquired Immune deficiency syndrome - Type ofSTD which destroy the body's immune system specifically the CD4 white blood T cells
BD Bipolar disorder - Disorder characterized by manic and depressive episodes
BPH Benign prostate hyperplasia -Condition in males in which the prostate is abnormally enlarged which makes urination more difficult
CAD Coronary artery disease - Comprised of diseases that are affected by a faulty large coronary artery such as heart attack, stroke, PAD, diabetes, etc.
CD Crohn's disease - A disease characterized by lesions or ulcers throughout the entire digestive tract
CHF Congestive heart failure - Also known as systolic heart failure
CKD Chronic kidnev disease
CMV Cytomegalovirus
COPD Chronic obstructive pUlmonary disease - Emphysema + chronic bronchitis
CVA Cerebrovascular accident,stroke
DKA Diabetic ketoacidosis, Complication is patients which Type I diabetes (DM Type I) where the body metabolizes fatty acids instead of carbs because insulin is not Dresent
DM Diabetes mellitus, disease characterized by high blood sugar
DVT Deep vein thrombosis, Condition in which the blood clots in the leg which may result in leg swelling
ESRD End-stage renal disease, also known as stage 5 kidney disease
GAD General anxiety disorder
GERD Gastroesophageal reflux disease, Disease characterized by heartburn in which the disease contents of the stomach are pushed back into the esophagus
HBV Hepatitis B virus
HCV Hepatitis C virus
HD Hodgkin's disease
HF Heart failure
HIV Human immunodeficiency virus
HL Hodgkin's lymphoma
HPV Human papillomavirus
HSV Herpes simplex virus
HTN Hypertension
IBD Inflammatory bowel disease
IBS Irritable bowel syndrome
IDA Iron deficient anemia
MDD Major depressive disorder
MDE Major depressive episode
MI or AMI Myocardial infarction
mm Multiple melanoma
MRSA Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
MS Multiple sclerosis
NHL Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
NSTEMI Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
OA Osteoarthritis
OCD Obsessive-compulsive disorder
PAD Peripheral artery disease
PE Pulmonary embolism
PID Pelvic inflammatory disease
PTSD Post-traumatic stress disorder
PUD Peptic ulcer disease
RA Rheumatoid arthritis
RLS Restless leg syndrome
SAD Social anxiety disorder
SIADH Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
SLE Systemic lupus erythematosus
STEMI ST-elevation myocardial infarction
UC Ulcerative colitis
URTI Upper respiratory tract infection
UTI Urinary tract infection
VRSA Vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
VTE Venous thromboembolism, comprised of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) & pulmonary embolism (PE)
BS, FBS, or FBG Fasting blood sugar
BUN Blood urea nitrogen
CO2 or HCO3 Bicarbonate
Hct Hematocrit
Hgb Hemoglobin
Ca Calcium
Cl Chloride
K Potassium
Na Sodium
Plt Platelets
S.Cr Creatinine
WBC White blood cells
Alc Glycosylated hemoglobin
ABG Arterial blood gasses
Alb Albumin
Alk phos Alkaline phosphatase
ALT Alanine transaminase
AST Aspartate transaminase
BMI Body mass index
BP Blood pressure
CK Creatinine kinase
CrCl Creatinine clearance
EF Eiective fraction
H&H Hemoglobin and hematocrit
HDL High-density lipoprotein
HgAlc Glycosylated hemoglobin
HR Heart rate
IBW Ideal body weight
INR International normalized ratio
LDL Low-density lipoprotein
P Pulse
PT Prothrombin time
PTH Parathyroid hormone
RBC Red blood cells
RR Respiratory rate
SeOsm Serum osmolality
TC Total cholesterol
TG Triglycerides
TIBC Total iron binding capacity
TSH Thyroid stimulating hormone
Uosm Urine osmolality
BMD Bone mineral density
CT or CAT scan Computerized tomography scan
CXR Chest X-ray
DEXA Dual-X-ray absorptiometry
ECHO Echocardiogram
EEG Electroencephalogram
EKG or ECG Electrocardiogram
FEV1 Forced expiratory volume (in one second)
FVC Forced vital capacity
MRI Magnetic resonance imaging
PFT Pulmonary function test
UA Urinalysis
-atadine Antihistamine
Desloratadine (Clarinex) Antihistamine
Loratadine (Claritin) Antihistamine
Olopaladine (Patanol) Antihistamine
-bital Barbiturate
Amobarbital (Amytal) Barbiturate
Butabarbital (Butisol) Barbiturate
Pentobarbital Barbiturate
Phenobarbital Barbiturate
Secobarbital (Seconal) Barbiturate
-toin Anticonvulsant
Albutoin (Peganone) Anticonvulsant
Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx) Anticonvulsant
Phenytoin (Dilantin) Anticonvulsant
-zepam Benzodiazepine
Clonazepam (Klonopin) Benzodiazepine
Diazepam (Valium) Benzodiazepine
Flurazepam Benzodiazepine
Lorazepam (Ativan) Benzodiazepine
Oxazepam (Serax) Benzodiazepine
Quazepam (Doral) Benzodiazepine
Temazepami Restorill Benzodiazepine
-zolam Benzodiazepine
Alprazolam (Xanax) Benzodiazepine
Estazolam Benzodiazepine
Midazolam (Versed) Benzodiazepine
Triazolam (Halcion) Benzodiazepine
-icam NSAID
Meloxicam (Mobic) NSAID
Piroxicam (Feldene) NSAID
-lukast Leukotriene receptor antagonist
Montelukast (Singulair) Leukotriene receptor antagonist
Zafirlukast (Accolate) Leukotriene receptor antagonist
-terol Beta2-agonist
Albuterol (Proventil) Beta2-agonist
Arfonnoterol (Brovana) Beta2-agonist
Bitolterol (Tomalate) Beta2-agonist
Formoterol (Perforomist) Beta2-agonist
Levalbuterol (Xopenex) Beta2-agonist
Pirbuterol (Maxair) Beta2-agonist
Salmeterol (Serevent) Beta2-agonist
-tropium Anticholinergic
Ipratropium (Atrovent) Anticholinergic
Tiotropium (Spiriva) Anticholinergic
Cef- Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
Cefaclor (Raniclor) Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
Cefadroxil Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
Cefazolin Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
Cefdinir (Omnicef) Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
Cefepime (Maxipime) Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
Cefditoren (Spectracef) Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
Cefixime (Suprax) Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
Cefotaxime (Claforan) Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
Cefotetan (Cefotan) Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
Cefprozil (Cefzil) Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
Ceftazidime (Frotaz, Ceptaz, Tazicef) Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
Cefuroxime (Ceftin) Antibiotic (cephalosporin)
-cillin Antibiotic (penicillin)
Amoxicillin (Amoxil, Trimox) Antibiotic (penicillin)
Ampicillin (Principen) Antibiotic (penicillin)
Dicloxacillin Antibiotic (penicillin)
Nafcillin Antibiotic (penicillin)
Oxacillin Antibiotic (penicillin)
Penicillin VK (Veetids) Antibiotic (penicillin)
Piperacillin Antibiotic (penicillin)
Ticarcillin (Ticar) Antibiotic (penicillin)
-floxacin Antibiotic (quinolone)
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) Antibiotic (quinolone)
Gemifloxacin (Factive) Antibiotic (quinolone)
Levofloxacin (Levaquin) Antibiotic (quinolone)
Lomefloxacin (Maxaquin) Antibiotic (quinolone)
Moxifloxacin (Avelox) Antibiotic (quinolone)
Norfloxacin (Noroxin) Antibiotic (quinolone)
Ofloxacin (Floxin) Antibiotic (quinolone)
-mycin Antibiotic (nonspecific)
Azithromycin (Zithromax) Antibiotic (nonspecific)
Clarithromycin (Biaxin) Antibiotic (nonspecific)
Chndamycin (Cleocin) Antibiotic (nonspecific)
Daptomycin (Cubicin) Antibiotic (nonspecific)
Erythromycin (Ery-Tabs) Antibiotic (nonspecific)
Kanamycin (Kantrex) Antibiotic (nonspecific)
Lincomycin (Lincocin) Antibiotic (nonspecific)
Neomycin (Neosporin) Antibiotic (nonspecific)
Streptomycin Antibiotic (nonspecific)
Tobramycin (TobraDex) Antibiotic (nonspecific)
Vancomycin (Vancocin) Antibiotic (nonspecific)
-penem Antibiotic (carbapenem)
Doripenem (Doribax) Antibiotic (carbapenem)
Enapenem (Invanz) Antibiotic (carbapenem)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Antibiotic (carbapenem)
Meropenem (Merrem) Antibiotic (carbapenem)
-prim Antibiotic
Trimethoprim (Bactrim) Antibiotic
-pristin Antibiotic (streptogramin)
Dalfopristin and Quinupristin (Synercid) Antibiotic (streptogramin)
-zosin Alpha blocker
-grel Antiplatelet agent
-italopram Selective serotonin receptor inhibitor
-oxetine Selective serotonin receptor inhibitor
-pramine Tricyclic antidepressant
-triptyline Tricyclic antidepressant
-formin Biguanide
-glitazone Thiazolidinedione
Gli-/gly- Sulfonylurea
-afil Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor
-conazole Miconazole derivatives
-tidine H2-antagonist
-prazole Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
-vastatin HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
-dipine Calcium channel blocker (CCB)
-olol Beta blocker
-pril ACE inhibitor (ACE-I)
-sartan Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)
-triptan Serotonin 5-HT agonist
-setron Serotonin 5-HT3 antagonists
-dronate Bisphosphonate
-adol Non-narcotic analgesic
-codone Opiates/ narcotic analgesics
-morphone Opiates/ narcotic analgesics
-profen NSAID
-peridone Antipsychotic (atypical)
-apine Antipsychotic (atypical)
-amivir Neuraminidase inhibitors
-mantadine Viral uncoating inhibitors
-navir Protease inhibitor
-vir or any name containing "vir" Antiviral (nonspecific)
-vudine Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Monoclonal antibodies are medications that are synthesized using human and/or animal parts.
The generic name of monoclonal antibodies ends in "mab"
Monoclonal antibodies are used for treatment of a variety of conditions including cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, organ transplant, heart attacks, etc.
MCA Monoclonal antibodies
Abciximab (ReoPro) MCA;Works on circulatory system
Bevacizumab (Avastin) MCA;Works on circulatory system
Adalimumab (Humira) MCA;Works on lymphatic and immune system
Basiliximab (Simuleet) MCA;Works on lymphatic and immune system
Certolizumab (Cimzia) MCA;Works on lymphatic and immune system
Daclizumab (Zenapax) MCA;Works on lymphatic and immune system
Eeulizumab (Sol iris) MCA;Works on lymphatic and immune system
Efalizumab (Raptiva) MCA;Works on lymphatic and immune system
Infliximab (Remieade) MCA;Works on lymphatic and immune system
Natalizumab (Tysabri) MCA;Works on lymphatic and immune system
Omalizumab (Xolair) MCA;Works on lymphatic and immune system
Capromab (ProstaScint) MCA;Treats prostate cancer
Alemtuzumab (Campath) MCA;Treats cancer (general)
Cetuximab (Erbitux) MCA;Treats cancer (general)
Gemtuzumab (Mylotarg) MCA;Treats cancer (general)
Ibritumomab (Zevalin) MCA;Treats cancer (general)
Panitumumab (Vectibix) MCA;Treats cancer (general)
Rituximab (Rituxan) MCA;Treats cancer (general)
Tositumomab (Bexxar) MCA;Treats cancer (general)
Trastuzumab (Herceptin) MCA;Treats cancer (general)
Adalimumab (Humira) MCA;Contains human parts
Panitumumab (Vectibix) MCA;Contains human parts
Palivizumab (Synagis) MCA;Targets viruses
Infliximab (Remieade) MCA;Contain human and mouse parts
Bevacizumab (Avastin) MCA;Contain human and mouse parts
Ranibizumab (Lucentis) MCA;Contain human and mouse parts
meds ending in -atadine treat allergies
meds ending in -bital, -toin, -zepam, & -zolam treat anxiety/sedative
meds ending in -icam treat arthritis
meds ending in -lukast, -terol, & -tropium treat asthma/COPD
meds starting with Cef- treat bacterial infection
meds ending in -cillin, -floxacin, -mycin, penem, -prim, & -pristin treat bacterial infection
meds ending in -zosin treat benign prostate hyperplasia
meds ending in -grel treat blood clot prevention
meds ending in -italopram, -oxetine, -pramine, & -triptyline treat depression
meds ending in -formin, -glitazone treat diabetes
meds starting with Gli-, gly treat diabetes
meds ending in -afil treat erectile dysfunction
meds ending in -conazole treat fungal infection
meds ending in -tidine & -prazole treat GERD/heartburn
meds ending in -vastatin treat hyperlipidemia
meds ending in -dipine, -olol, -pril & -sartan treat hypertension
meds ending in -triptan treat migraine
meds ending in -setron treat nausea & vomiting
meds ending in -dronate treat osteoporosis
meds ending in -adol, -codone, -morphone, & -profen treat pain
meds ending in -peridone, -apine, & -amivir treat phychosis
meds ending in -mantadine, -navir, -vir, & -vudine treat viral infection
Created by: cbowers101
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