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Chapter 2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The proposition that early in Earth's history ,simple chemical compounds in the atmosphere and ocean combined to form larger more complex substances. | Chemical Evolution |
What number shows the amount of protons ? | Atomic Number |
Substances that create material ? | Elements |
what is a element with different numbers of neutrons ? | Isotopes |
What do you get when you add the number of protons and neutrons? | Mass number |
What is used to measure weight of an atomic structure? | Atomic mass unit |
The outside rings of an atom | orbitals |
The orbit of an electron around the cell nucleus. | electron shells |
What electron can participate in chemical bonds with other structre? | valence electrons |
measure of a number of bonds formed by an atom of a given element. | valence |
an attraction of two atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances. | chemical bonds |
First element on the periodic table. | Hydrogen |
Sixth element on the periodic table. | carbon |
sevnth element on the periodic table. | nitrogen |
Eighth element on the periodic table. | oxygen |
elevnth element on the periodic table. | sodium |
twelvth element on the periodic table. | magnesium |
fifteenth element on the periodic table. | phosphorus |
Sixteenth element on the periodic table. | sulfur |
seventeenth element on the perodic table. | chlorine |
form of chemical bonding | covalent bond |
am electrically nuetral group of two or more atoms held together by coavalent bonds. | molecules |
when two identical non-metals equally share electrons between them. | nonpolar covalent bond |
a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom or a functional group to attract electrons towards itself. | electronegativity |
a type of chemical bond formed through an electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions. | ionic bonds |
nuetral atom. | ions |
negatively charged atom. | anions |
positively charged atom. | cations |
vitamin C = 2 x C3H4O3 = C6H8O6 | molecular formula |
H H | | H - C - C - O - H | | H H | structural formula |
a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. | chemical reaction |
a unit of measurement used in chemistry to express amounts of a chemical substance. | mole |
The weight of a molecule is the sum of the weights of the atoms of which it is made. | molecular weight |
a homogeneous mixture composed of only one phase. | solution |
the number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution. | molarity |
is a liquid, solid, or gas that dissolves another solid, liquid, or gaseous solute | solvent |
A molecule with a net dipole as a result of the opposing charges | polar (molecule) |
Term for a substance that wont mix with water | hydrophobic |