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Hardware Basics 052
052
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What's an operating system? | An operating system is a software program that creates an interface that allows users to interact with the system's hardware. |
| Where does the processing of information take place in a computer? | Central processing unit (or sometimes referred to as the processor) |
| How is the processor speed measured? | Processor speed is typically measured in megahertz or gigahertz. |
| What are the three units (or sectors) that work together in the central processing unit? | Control unit, arithmetic logic unit, and memory unit |
| What are the functions of the control unit? | retrieves the instructions and sends command signals to the rest of the computer system to tell them what to do |
| What does the arithmetic logic unit do? | performs the mathematical calculations that are required |
| What does the memory unit do? | allows storage of information and is internal to the computer. The memory unit is divided into two types of memory: RAM (random access memory) and ROM (read only memory). |
| What is random access memory (RAM) memory? | Temporary memory that is designed to hold new data and is available only while the computer is turned on. |
| What is ROM? | permanent internal memory inside the system, which is inaccessible by the user. ROM is used to store the instructions that are installed or programmed at the manufacturer |
| What are switches? | an alternative to the keyboard. They are usually activated by one or two movements such as pulling or squeezing, sipping or puffing or blinking. Switches can be attached anywhere for example near the hands or in the mouth |
| What are electronic pointing devices? | Electronic pointing devices allow the user to control the cursor using ultrasound, an infrared beam, eye movements, nerve signals, or even brain waves. |
| What is a Firewire port or IEEE 1394? | provides a very fast connection to transfer large amounts of data quickly. |
| What is a Universal Serial Bus hub (USB hub)? | provides additional ports when a user has more USB devices than USB ports |
| What are peripheral devices? | Peripheral devices are devices that are used to input the information into a computer or output the information into a form that is easily read by the user or store it for later use. |
| What are document cameras? | They are stand alone cameras that display slides, transparencies, text, documents, 3D objects, and microscopic objects |
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