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BTT1OI REVIEW
Reference Manual Review for Final Exam
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hardware | The physical components of a computer |
| Software | Set of instructions that cause the computer to perform a specific task |
| Keyboard | Most common input device – used to enter letters, numbers and special characters |
| Monitor | Output display screen – size of monitor and resolution is important |
| Mouse | Input device that allows selection without typing |
| Floppy Disk Drive | Device that holds a reusable floppy disk that can store or retrieve information |
| CD ROM/DVD Drive & Burner | Allows you to read data from a compact disk or DVD as well as save onto the CD or DVD |
| Scanner | Input device that allows you to copy an image into digital data |
| Memory Stick | A portable memory device that plugs into a USB (Universal Serial Bus) port – allows for backup and transporting of files/documents |
| DVD | Digital Versatile Disk -- stores audio, movies or large amounts of data |
| AUP/AUG | Acceptable Use Policy/Guide or Procedure - an agreement that you will use the Internet for “acceptable” and educational reasons |
| Bit | Binary Digit – the basic unit of information that the computer can understand. Either there is a current or there is not – represented by a 1 or a 0 |
| Byte | Eight continuous bits that join together to represent a letter, number or special character |
| Kilobyte | Basic unit of measurement for computer memory – equal to approximately 1000 bytes (1024 or 210) |
| Megabyte | Equal to approximately one million bytes |
| Gigabyte | Equal to approximately one billion bytes |
| Terabyte | Equal to approximately one trillion bytes |
| Ghz – Gigahertz | A unit of measurement equal to one billion electrical vibrations or cycles per second – used to compare the speeds of computers |
| Operating System | Program that provides control over computer, disk drive, printer, etc. |
| Peripheral | Any hardware added onto your CPU |
| Microprocessor | Miniature transistor on an integrated circuit--one or more serve as a Central Processing Unit in a computerized system |
| Node | An individual computer that is attached to a network |
| Standalone | A computer that is not part of the network |
| Network | A network allows computers to communicate with each other and enables them to share files, documents, hardware devices |
| Router (Hub) | Specialized computers that send messages along thousands of pathways. They direct the flow of data packets (info gets broken up into smaller units) to the right location . |
| Modem | Modulator/demodulator – A communication device that turns digital tones (computer) into analog (sound waves) and vice versa to allow the sending of information over telephone or cable lines. |
| Intranet | Network designed for within an organization |
| Extranet | An extension of an intranet within an organization that includes the World Wide Web |
| Infrastructure | The basic underlying framework of a system – how all computers are joined together. |
| Anti-virus Software | Programs that are used to detect, disinfect or repair viruses on a computer |
| Infection | When a virus has been detected in your computer system – either dormant or active. |
| Encryption | Method of encoding material before it is sent by telecommunications – provides secure data |
| Internet | Consists of thousands of connected networks around the world |
| Internet Service Provider | A company that offers a connection to the Internet for a fee. |
| Internet Protocol | The set of rules/procedures that allow information to pass between networks. |
| Website | A group of HTML documents made up of text, images, video and hyperlinks. |
| A method of composing, sending, and receiving messages over electronic communication systems | |
| URL | Uniform Resource Locator – an address on the Internet |
| Search Engine | A method of searching for specific items on the Internet |
| Cookies | A small amount of structured data that is shared between a web server and the web browser – cookies are saved after exiting from the site. |
| Download | To copy a file (words, picture, sound) from one location to another through computers. |
| Validity | A term that means “based on facts”. The validity or truthfulness of the information gathered from the Internet should be evaluated. |
| Copyright | The exclusive rights of authors and artists to copy, publish and sell their material. |
| Hyperlinks | A way of jumping from one site to another – usually refers to the Internet – will lead to another website or a location on the page. |
| Ergonomics | The study of how the physical health of workers is affected by their workplace |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | A stress injury that occurs when the same task is repeated and strains a nerve in the wrist. |
| Repetitive Stress Injuries | Stress on nerves, muscles or any part of the body when the same task is done over and over. |
| Spreadsheet | An electronic worksheet that is used to store and manipulate data. |
| Cell | An address that reflects the intersection of a column and a row. |
| Equation/Expression | The user types in the equation using the appropriate cell references |
| Function/Formula | Built in mathematical function; part of the program |
| Database | A collection of related information about a subject organized in a useful manner that can be manipulated |
| File | A collection of related records that is saved under one name |
| Record | A collection of related fields |
| Field | A space for a specified piece of information within a record |
| Desktop Publishing | The design and production of publications using software with graphics capabilities. |
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Mrs. Emms
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