Question 1

1.	Why do some historians think the Civil War was unavoidable?

Accepted Answer

If Americans had elected better leaders and established stronger political institutions at a national level, they believe, extremists on both sides would never have been able to force the nation into war.

Question 2

2.	What arguments did abolitionists use against slavery?

Accepted Answer

By the 1850s, many white Northerners had come to believe that slavery violated the basic principles of both the United States and the Christian religion.

Question 3

3.	How did Southerners view slavery?

Accepted Answer

Many spoke out to defend slavery and attack the evils they saw in the North. They claimed that most planters took a personal interest in the well-being of the enslaved people who worked for them and provided them with the basic necessities of life.

Question 4

4.	What were some important differences between the North and the South?

Accepted Answer

Each year the North was becoming ever more urban and industrialized than the South. Its population, already more than twice as large as the South's, was becoming even larger and more diverse as Irish and German immigrants crowded into northern cities.

Question 5

1.	What were the effects of the Missouri Compromise?

Accepted Answer

In the short run, the compromise maintained the balance in the Senate between slave and free states. It also sought to address the long-term issue of westward expansion by stating that any states to be created out of lands north of 36° 30' N latitude woul

Question 6

2.	What did the Compromise of 1850 accomplish?

Accepted Answer

Congress would admit California as a free state. The people of the territories of New Mexico and Utah would decide for themselves whether slavery would be legal.Congress would abolish the sale of slaves, but not slavery, in Washington, D.C.

Question 7

3.	How did political parties change in the 1850s?

Accepted Answer

In 1852 the Whigs, rejecting President Fillmore because of his support for the Compromise of 1850, nominated Winfield Scott, a general from the Mexican War. The Democrats chose Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire. Pierce won the election in a landslide.

Question 8

4.	Why did Stephen Douglas propose the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

Accepted Answer

The Kansas-Nebraska Act supported the practice of popular sovereignty, or letting the people in a territory decide whether to allow slavery there, instead of restricting the decision-making power to Congress.

Question 9

1.	Why did violence erupt in Kansas in the mid-1850s?

Accepted Answer

proslavery settlers in Missouri organized secret societies to oppose the free soilers. Many proslavery settlers crossed into Kansas to vote illegally in territorial elections.

Question 10

2.	How did slavery affect national politics in this period?

Accepted Answer

the Democrats supported the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act. In opposition, the Republicans declared that the federal government had the right to restrict slavery in the territories and called for the admission of Kansas a sa free state.

Question 11

3.	What problems did the Lecompton constitution cause?

Accepted Answer

Most Kansans were opposed to slavery and refused to vote in a referendum on the constitution because both options on the ballot would have protected slavery in Kansas.

Question 12

What important issues were discussed in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates?

Accepted Answer

Inequality to African American slaves.

Question 13

How did John Brown's raid increase tensions between the North and the South?

Accepted Answer

Northern sympathy for John Brown outraged Southerners, who denounced him as a tool of Republican abolitionists. In the eyes of many white Southerners, Brown was a criminal who had tried to launch a rebellion aimed at their very lives.

Question 14

1.	How did the election of 1860 demonstrate the split between the North and the South?

Accepted Answer

Southern Democrats argued that the government should protect slavery in the territories, while Democrats from the North stood by the doctrine of popular sovereignty.

Question 15

2.	What concerns led the Lower South to secede from the Union?

Accepted Answer

The Republicans controlled the federal government, they could act constitutionally and legally “to produce the most complete subjection and political bondage, degradation, and ruin of the South.

Question 16

3.	What event started the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

THe surrender of Fort Sumter

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