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VTNE Ch1 P2

Excretory System- Mosby's Comprehension review 3ed

QuestionAnswer
Anatomy of Excretory System Kidneys, Ureters, Urethra,
Kidneys Extract and remove metabolic waste from the blood; blood pressure provides the force
Right Kidney For firmly attached, and cranially to the left Kidney
Shape Vary by species- but usually bean shaped
Nephron Microscopic unit of the Kidney
Outer Cortex of Kidney contains: glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubules, and distal convoluted tubules
Kidney: Medulla Contains Loop of Henle and most of collecting tubules
Kidney: Medulla arrangement Arranged into various numbers of pyramids. Apex of pyramid is the papilla, which opens into the minor calyx, major calyx and renal pelvis
Ureters Consists of Smooth Muscle Capable of peristalsis to move urine to the urinary bladder
Urinary Bladder Consists of Smooth Muscle Lined with transitional cell epithelium
Urethra Tube of smooth muscle to transport urine from the urinary bladder to the exterior
Three phases of urine production Filtration Reabsorption Secretion
Urine Production: Filtration Blood enters glomerulus by the afferent arteriole. Various pressure causes water, salt and small molecules to move out of the glomerulus into Bowman's Capsule
Filtration at the Bowman's Capsule Now called the Glomerular Filtrate; rate at which it is formed is called the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Urine Production: Reabsorption Occurs in the PCT's and loop of Henle, substances needed by the body are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate into the peritubular capillaries
Urine Production: Secretion Substances are selectivly secreted from peritubular capillaries into the DCT
Urination (Micturition) Filtrate flows into collecting ducts, renal pelvis, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra and is voided as urine
Hormonal Influence Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH [Vasopressin]) Increase in ADH release = increase of reabsorbtion of H2O w/in kidney Alderstone- Stimulates Na+ reabsorbtion in the kidneys
Created by: 669003779
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