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World History
French Revolution-Book Notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why do you think the royal palace at Versailles became a focal point for the anger of the poor people of Paris during the Revolution? (p648) | it was right on the river and very close to paris, and it represented rich excesses |
| Why do you think some historians cite the "wind from America" as a cause of the French Revolution? | american enlightenment and changes had big effect |
| What is the Old Regime? What were the 3 estates? Which were the Privileged Estates and what were their privileges? | the social and political system, 1-clergy, 2-nobles, 3-bourgeiosie/peasants. Privileges of 1+2: land, tax exemption, high office |
| Describe the "subgroups" of the Third Estate. | 1-bourgeiosie middle class: artisans, bankers, factory owners, 2-lower class: laborers, servants, tradespeople, 3-peasants |
| What % of the population in 1787 was in each estate? What % did each estate pay in income tax? What % of the land did the priveleged estates own? (pp651-652, Table p652) | Population-1, 2, 97. Taxes-2, 0, 50. Land-10, 20, 0 |
| The economy was in decline even though production and trade were both increasing. Name 4 factors which led to the decline. | heavy tax burden, rising cost of living (like bread), grain shortage, starvation, debt, weak leader who was an extravagant spender |
| When did Louis XVI live? Why was he a weak leader? | 1754-1793, indecisive allowed drifting matter, procrasitnated and wasted time |
| When did Marie Antoinette live, and where was she from? What was her nickname and why was she called that? | 1755-1793, austria, madame deficit wasted money on clothes jewlwey etc |
| When and where was the meeting of the Estates-General? Who called for it and who attended? | May 1789 in france, Louis XVI, the 3rd estate chose delegates |
| Describe how voting worked in the Estates General before 1789 and how it changed in 1789. Who was Sieyes, and why is he significant? | clergy and nobles--> 3rd estate. clergyman who suggested the national assembly idea |
| What caused the Tennis Court Oath, why was it called that, and what was the response from Louis? | locked out of meeting room, so went to indoor tennis cout, didn't leave until bill was made, stationed army around versailles |
| When is Bastille Day? Describe what happened. What is the American equivalent? | invasion of prison for gunpowder, july 14 kind of like july 4, independence day |
| What is the Great Fear? | a huge wave of panic through france |
| Describe the significance of bread. Who were the rioters? What did they demand? | women attacked versailles and louis/marie at rise of bread prices. demanded that Louis and Marie Antoinette return to Paris |
| (Section 2) State some quotes from the Rights of Man. What was the slogan? | "men are born and remian free and equal in rights" "(these rights included) liberty, property, security,and resistance to oppresion" Slogan: liberty, equality, fraternity |
| Who was Olympe de Gouges? What did she ask for and what was the result? Why was this ironic? | she was a writer who published a declaration of the rights of women. she was rejected and was later declared as an enemy of the revolution and was executed |
| What reforms happened to the Church? What was the result on the economy? How did the peasants feel about these reforms? | the assembly took over the church and demanded priests and officials were to be elected and paid, political independence. |
| When was the Legislative Assembly formed and the Constitution written? What powers did they have, and what power did the king have? What were the 3 general groups and how did they receive their names? | in september 1791, they could create laws and approve or reject declarations of war, louis could enforce law,s the 3 groups were radicals- opposeed monarchy idea, moderates-wanted some change in government, conservatives- upheld idea of limited monarchy. |
| Who were the émigrés and the sans-culottes? What did they want? | émigrés-the nobles and others who fled france wanted the Old Regime back. sans-culottes: the workers and shopkeepers, wanted the revolution to bring even greater changes to france |
| What side was Prussia on? what was the result? Describe the September Massacres of 1792 | they were on austria's side- louis' side. the result was war. massacres-many nobles priests, royalist sympathizers were victims of the angry mobs. |
| Who were the Jacobins and who was their leader? What was the name of their newspaper? Who was Charlotte Corday? Who was Georges Danton? | a political organizatoin, their leader was jean-apul marat, the newspaper was called l'ami du peuple (friend of the people). Corday killed Marat. Danton was a lawyer and talented speaker devoted to peasants' rights |
| Which countries fought against France? How large was the French army? | austria and prussia, 800,000 |
| Who was Robespierre? What was the Committee of Public Safety? Who were the "enemies of the Revolution"? | he was a jacobin leader, the committee was what he governed, the enemies of the revolution who troubled robespierre the most were radicals who challenged his leadership. |
| What is Robespierre's quote about terror and virtue? (p660) | Lead the people by virtue and enemies of the people by terror...The basis of government (during) peace is virtue, (and during) revolution is both virtue and terror. Terror is...swift, severe, indomitable justice. |
| When and how was Louis XVI killed? | January 1793 by guillotine after being found guilty of treason by the National Convention |
| When was the Reign of Terror and wow long it last? Who were some of the victims? When and how did it end? | in july 1793, until july 1794, victims were robspierre, marie antoinette, danton, and 40,000 people, mostly the poor and middle class |
| Describe the third form of government, i.e. the Directory. | it was in the hands of the upper middle class, 2 house legislature, executive body og five men- the directory. |
Created by:
pogs89