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ByrneAndy
Supreme Court Cases
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Marbury v. Madison | 1803 Set up judicial review and elevates the power of the Judicial branch. |
| McCullough v. Maryland | 1819 Established national supremacy (used the necessary and proper clause) and also said you can't tax the gov. |
| Gibbons v. Ogden | 1824 Established interstate commerce and the regulation of that by the gov. Largely extended government control/power. |
| Barron v. Baltimore | 1833 Allows government to buy property from a person for "just compensation." There is no way to deny the government their "right" to buy the land from you. |
| Dred Scott v. Sandford | 1856 Set up the idea that black's are not citizens. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | 1895 Enabled seperate but equal and justified that as long as they were "equal," it was okay to be seperate. |
| Schenck v. US | 1918 Symbolic speech justified as long as no malicious intent. However, Schenck was affirmed as malicious and was charged for going against the espionage act. |
| Korematsu v. US | 1944 Allowed the government to put japanese people in camps to contain the problems of WWII. Justified this through protection of National Security. |
| Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka | 1952 Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson and said that seperate was "inherently unequal." |
| Mapp v. Ohio | 1960 Woman possessed obscene materials, but they were found in an illegal search/seizure. Question: Can evidence found in violation of the 4th amendment be used in a trial. Conclusion: stuff found in violation of the 4th am. can not be used in trials. |
| Buckley v. Valeo | 1975 Trying to end corruption, Congress capped spending to politicians. Q: Did limits on campaign spending violate 1st amendment rights? C. Individual contributions didnt violate 1st am., capping total expenditures did. |
| Regents of the University of California v Bakke | 1977 Man denied entrance into California Med School because of quotas for minorities. Q. Did U Cal violate 14th am. and Civil Rights Act w/ affirmative action. C. Can't have numerical quotas, but can base off of race. |
| Gideon v. Wainwright | 1962 Guy got arrested and couldn't pay for lawyer. Q. Did guy have right to counsel by 6th and 14th amendments. C. He did have right to counsel, incorporated 6th amendment |
| Miranda v Arizona | 1965 People incriminating selves bc they didn't know their rights. Q. Does not notifying people of their rights before interrogation violate 5th am. C. Police have to warn people of rights, or testimony can be thrown out. |
| Grisowld v. Connecticut | 1964 Dr. counseled patients about contraception, illegal by a Connecticut stae law. Q. Does this law violate marital privacy. C. Several amendments together guarentee right to privacy in marriage, law was null and void. |
| Roe v. Wade | 1971 Woman wanted to get an abortion. Q. Does Constitution embrace right of a woman to terminate pregnancy by abortion. C. Right to abortion came from right to privacy assured in Griswold v. Connecticut |
| Baker v. Carr | 1960 Reapportionment not recognizing economic and population growth in TN. Q. Did SupCourt have jurisdiction over questions of Legislative apportionment? C. Legislative apportionment is justiciable, no political questions in the case. |
| Gitlow v. New York | 1922 said that the 14th ammendment protected symbolic speech and this case created the "clear and present danger" test |
| New York Times v. Sullivan | 1964 protected newspapers against libel by saying they did not know the published materialn was false. strengthens freedom of press. |
| Engel v. Vitale | 1962 declared that prayer in school was unconstitutional. regardless of denomination or it being optional, it violates the establishment clause. |
| Lemon v. Kurtzman | 1971 said that state could not fund a school that had religious affiliation as it violated the establishment clause |
| New Jersey v. T.L.O. | 1985 says that 14th ammendment protects unreasonable searches by school officials or administrators |
| Gregg v. Georgia | 1976 said that the death penalty itself was constitutional but the death penalty being a mandatory provision with no chance of mercy is unconstitutional |
| US v. Nixon | 1992 Nixon thought it was unconst. the way he was tried in his impeachment trial. The courts held that it was untrue, and his trial was fair. |
| Bush v. Gore | 2000 Questioned if the state of Florida was wrong in forcing a recount of the ballots in 2000. The courts decided it was unconst to do so. |
Created by:
AMuelleman
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