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Mrs. Foley's chemist
7th grade chemistry unit
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| properties | traits or characteristics of an object |
| chemical change | a change in compounds break apart or new ones are formed |
| physical change | changes to the color, shape, size or state of a substance, but no new substances are formed |
| mixtures | A combinations of materials where each one keeps its own properties |
| compounds | two or more elements bonded together |
| solutions | a mixture of solvent and solute where the solute is evenly mixed. Example: salt water |
| emulsions | a solution of two liquids that do not mix unless they have an emulsifier. Example: oil and vinegar |
| suspensions | a solution where small particles are temporarily suspended in a solvent |
| colloids | a solution where one substance is permanently suspended in another. Example: jello, hair gel, whipped cream |
| element | a pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances |
| solids | a state of matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume. The atoms are moving very slowly. |
| liquids | a state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape. The atoms are moving quickly. |
| gas | a state of matter that has neither a definite shape nor volume. The atoms are moving extremely fast. |
| boiling point | The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas. |
| freezing point | The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid. |
| Mendeleev | Russian scientist who created the Periodic Table |
| periodic table | A chart that organizes all of the elements by their atomic number and their atomic mass |
| alkali metals | Elements in Group 1 on the periodic table. They are very reactive, soft metals. |
| alkaline earth metals | Elements in Group 2 on the periodic table. They are soft metals, and less reactive than group 1. |
| transition metals | These metals are found in the middle section of the periodic table. They are harder and less reactive than the alkali metals. |
| metalloids | Elements that "ride the staircase" between metals and nonmetals. They can have properties of both metals and nonmetals. |
| halogens | Nonmetals in the 2nd to last group. They have 7 valence electrons. |
| noble gases | Elements in the last column. These elements have full outer shells and won't bond with any other element. |
| valence electrons | The outermost electrons of an atom |
| electron arrangement | The arrangement of electrons in shells around the nucleus |
| protons | the positively charged particle in the nucleus |
| neutrons | a subatomic particle, found in the nucleus, that has no charge |
| nucleus | the inner part of an atom that contains the protons and neutrons |
| nonmetals | the elements to the right of the staircase. They do not conduct electricity or heat, they are not malleable or ductile, nor do they corrode. |
| chemical equation | an equation using chemical symbols that shows the reactants and products in a reaction. |
| ductile | the property of metals that describes how they can be pulled into long wires. |
| malleable | a property of metals that describes how they can be bent and hammered into thin sheets. |
| corrosion | a gradual wearing away of a metal due to a chemical reaction. |
| atomic number | the number at the top of the element's square that tells how many protons are in that element. |
| atomic mass | the number at the bottom of the element's square that tells how much mass the atom has. It is the sum of protons and neutrons. |
Created by:
cheryl foley
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