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Anticlotting Agents
Anticlotting Agents - Pharmacology
Question | Answer |
---|---|
ANTIPLATELET DRUGS **Remember: Antiplatelet drugs prevent blood clot formation; Thrombolytics dissolve the clots. | "Aspirin" (for heart attacks; 2-325mg aspirin tablets with water) Clopidogrel: "Plavix" (thienopyrindine drug that helps to prevent stroke and recurrent MI; sometimes give along with aspirin therapy) |
STIMULATORS OF ANTITHROMBIN III ANTICLOTTING FACTOR | "Heparin" Enoxaparin: "Lovenox" (newer lower-molecular-weight heparin) **All heparins enhance antithrombin III activity. |
ANTIDOTES TO REVERSE HEPARIN | "Protamine sulfate" (used to reverse the heparin overdose effects in Dennis Quaid's twins) |
INHIBITORS OF LIVER-PRODUCED CLOTTING FACTORS (Vitamin K - Dependent Clotting Factors) | Warfarin: "Coumadin" (rat poison; compound warfarin named after Wisconson Alumni Research Foundation (WARF); discovered when trying add vit D to milk) |
ANTIDOTES TO REVERSE COUMADIN | "Vitamin K" (administered as a shot, intravenous or intramuscular) "Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)" |
FACTOR Xa and DIRECT THROMBIN INHIBITORS | Dabigatran: "Pradaxa" (the DTI drug and only one in this group to know; direct thrombin blocker; rapid onset of action and predictable anticoagulant effects) |
THROMBOLYTICS ** Blood clot dissolvers** | "Streptokinase(1933) "Urokinase" (1947; plasminogen activator uPA compound in human urine; form plasmin) r-TPA alteplase: "Activase" (drug most familiar to EMT to treat acute coronary artery thrombosis, acute pulmonary embolism, and acute ischemic strok |