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GHS OCEANS
Review for Oceans test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| function of wetlands | absorbing and removing pollutants from water |
| function of wetlands | trapping carbon that would otherwise be released into the air |
| function of wetlands | controlling floods |
| flagella | prevents phytoplankton from sinking into deep waters |
| Swamps | commonly found on flat, poorly drained land |
| As they flow down a mountain to flatter ground rivers become | wider,warmer, slower |
| Rivers | move slower and their oxygen levels decrease as they near the ocean |
| Pond and lake life depend on | sunlight, temperature, nutrients. |
| Littoral | zone where life is diverse and abundant. |
| Benthic | zone where water is cool and dark. |
| Nekton | swims freely |
| Benthos | lives attached to a hard surface, bottom dwellers |
| Wetlands | area of plentiful nutrients and capacity for photosynthesis |
| Wetlands are perceived historically as | disease-infested wastelands |
| Wetlands have varied populations of | plants and animals |
| two main types of freshwater wetlands | marshes and swamps |
| Estuaries receive fresh nutrients from | rivers and oceans. |
| The majority of marine organisms are found where? | shallow, coastal waters. |
| nutrient runoff and industrial waste discharges | threats to ocean ecosystems |
| overfishing and entanglement of marine mammals in trawl nets | threats to ocean ecosystems |
| sewage and algal blooms | threats to ocean ecosystems |
| factor most dangerous in estuary pollution | volume of the pollutants |
| Estuaries | ecosystems where both fresh water and salt water are present |
| Phytoplankton | organism produces most of the food in an aquatic ecosystem |
| amount of nutrients and sunlight that are available determines | arrangement of organisms in the open ocean |
| nutrient trap | the mixing action of river water and ocean water gives estuaries this nick name |
| Coral reef | formed by the secretion of calcium carbonate by tiny marine animals |
| threat to coral reefs | oil spills,sewage,pesticides |
| There is no sunlight therefor photosynthesis does not occur here | deep ocean water |
| Organisms that live in estuaries easily adapt to this | water level and salinity |
| Most of the nutrients in an arctic ecosystem come from here | the ocean. |
| Hydrothermal vents | openings in the ocean floor where super-hot mineral rich water stream into the ocean. |
| Eutrophic lake | large amount of plant growth due to nutrients. |
| Excessive nutrient growth in an aquatic ecosystem can be accelerated by this | runoff |
| Nekton | free-swimming, organisms like fish |
| Used by Mossesto anchor themselves to rocks near churning river headwaters | rhyzoids |
| Barrier islands | long and thin islands that typically run parallel to a shore. |
| Amount of dissolved salts in water | salinity |
| Two factors that affect how a river flows | land and climate |
| Because water absorbs sunlight, this is limited to the upper 100 meters of the ocean | photosynthesis |
| Three groups of aquatic organisms | plankton, nekton and benthos. |
| microscopic ocean plants | phytoplankton |
| microscopic ocean animals | zooplankton |
| Most of the food in aquatic ecosystems is produced by | phytoplankton |
| Plankton | forms the base of the marine food web |
| The least productive marine ecosystem | open ocean |
| In estuaries, fresh water and salt water mix, and form this | nutrient trap |
| Barnacles | type of or bottom-dwelling, organisms |
| brackish | mix of salt and fresh water |
| limestone and calcium carbonate | secreted skeletons by coral polyps and slowly accumulate and form coral reefs |
| 27 percent | coral reefs are threatened by human activities |
| An arctic ecosystem depends almost entirely on for its available food | ocean |
| Dominate plants in Marsh | grasses and non-woody plants |
| Dominate plants in Swamps | Trees |
Created by:
rseneta