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ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY

CHAPTER 11 - BIODIVERSITY ISSUES

QuestionAnswer
biodiversity a measure of the variety of kinds of organisms present in an ecosystem
extinction the death of a species; the elimination of all the individuals of a particular kind
genetic diversity a term used to describe the number of different kinds of genes present in a population or a species
species diversity a measure of the number of different species present in an area
ecosystem diversity a measure of the number of kinds of ecosystems present in an area
deforestation activities that destroy forests
clear-cutting a forest harvesting method in which all the trees in a large area are cut and removed
patchwork clear-cutting a forest harvest method in which patches of trees are clear cut among patches of timber that are left untouched
reforestation the process of replanting areas after the original trees are removed
selective harvesting a forest harvesting method in which individual high-value trees are removed from the forest, leaving the majority of the forest undisturbed
desertification the conversion of arid and semiarid lands into deserts by inappropriate farming practices or overgrazing
bush meat meat from wild animals
endangered species those species that are present in such small numbers that they are in immediate jeopardy of becoming extinct
threatened species those species that could become extinct if a critical factor in their environment were changed
wilderness designation of land use for the exclusive protection of the area’s natural wildlife; thus, no human development is allowed
cover a term used to refer to any set of physical features that conceals or protects animals from the elements or their enemies
habitat management the process of changing the natural community to encourage the increase in populations of certain desirable species
migratory birds birds that fly considerable distances between their summer breeding areas and their wintering areas
Created by: Jessica C
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