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gcse science P4 - A
specific for ocr gateway additonal science B.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is a conductor? | something that allows an electric charge to pass through it |
| give an example of a good conductor? | metals |
| what is an insulator? | something which doesn't allow an electric charge to pass through it |
| give examples of an insulator? | plastic, wood, glass, polythene |
| when can insulators become electrically charged? | when rubbed together |
| what is a stable atom? | when there are the same amounts of positive and negative charges |
| what are electrostatic effects due to? | the movement of electrons |
| what happens to like charges? | they repel |
| what happens to opposite charges? | they repel |
| what happens when an object loses electrons? | becomes positive |
| what happens when an object gains electrons? | becomes negative |
| what happens when a polythene rod is rubbed with a duster? | electrons are transferred from the duster to the polythene, making the polythene rod negatively charged |
| what happens when an acetate rod is rubbed with a duster? | electrons are transferred from the acetate to the duster, leaving the acetate rod positively charged |
| what do you get an electric shock from? | charged objects |
| what is an example of charged objects? | nylon and other synthetic fibres |
| what happens if you are charged and you touch something that is earthed? | you get an electric shock |
| what happens if you are earthed and you touch something that is charged? | you get an electric shock |
| what is an example of an electric shock? | when you walk on a vinyl floor or one covered with a nylon carpet, you become charged because of friction. then if you earth yourself and touch something, you get an electric shock |
| when is static electricity a nuisance? | -dust and dirt are attracted to insulators, such as television screens -clothes made from synthetic material often cling to each other and to the body |
| when is static electricity dangerous? | -there are flammable gases, vapours or a high concentration of oxygen. A spark could ignite the gases and cause an explosion -you touch something with a large electric charge on it. The charge will cause an electric shock, sometimes being fatal |
| what items prevent a build up of charge and how? | -anti-staticc sprays, liquids and clothes -by conducting/carrying it away |
| how can you reduce the chance of receiving an electric shock? 1 | -an object that is likely to become charged is connected to earth, any build up of charge would flow down to the earth wire |
| how can you reduce the chance of receiving an electric shock? 2 | -in a factory where machinery is at risk of becoming charged, the operators stand on insulating rubber mats or wear shoes with insulating soles, so the charge can't flow down to earth |
| how can you reduce the chance of receiving an electric shock? 3 | -Lorries containing flammable gases, liquids and powders are earthed by an earth wire before being unloaded. This means charge immediately flows down the earth wire preventing a spark causing an explosion. |
Created by:
jirwin
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