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WorldCultures Vocab

vocab for the WC final

QuestionAnswer
Monotheism Belief in a single god
Judaism The monotheistic religion of the Jews; based on the Old Testament and the Talmud
Christianity A religion founded on the teachings of Jesus Christ
Islam A religion whose believers (Muslims) follow the teachings of Allah (GOD) as given to the Prophet Muhammad more than a thousand years ago.
Abraham Agreed to practice monotheism, or the worship of only one God.
Moses (Old Testament) the Hebrew prophet who led the Israelites from Egypt across the Red Sea on a journey known as Exodus; he received the Ten Commandments from God on Mount Sinai.
Jesus A Jewish Prophet who preached about the Kingdom of God, and whose teachings became the foundation of Christianity.
Muhammad The Arab prophet who founded Islam (570-632).
Torah Holy book of the Jewish Faith.
Bible The sacred writings of the Christian religion.
Old Testament The Christian Bible's first part, which contains the same books as the Jewish Bible.
New Testament The second section of the Holy Bible. It tells us about the life, teachings, death, and Resurrection of Jesus Christ.
Koran A collection of sacred writings of Islam.
Muslim A believer or follower of Islam.
Synagogue The place of worship for a Jewish congregation.
Church A place for Christians to worship, and the whole body of Christians
Mosque A muslim place of worship.
Rabbi Spiritual leader of a Jewish congregation; qualified to expound and apply Jewish law.
Apostle Any important early teacher of Christianity or a Christian missionary to the people.
Messiah Considered by Christians to be the promised deliverer. Jesus Christ is an example of one.
Prophet A messenger of God.
Revelation An enlightening or astonishing disclosure.
Five Pillars of Islam Five requirements all Muslims are expected to follow. Pray five times facing Mecca, give money to the poor, declare Allah is the only girl, fast during Ramadan, make a pilgrimage to Mecca once in their lifetime.
Ten Commandments Religious laws that are the foundation of Christianity.
Allah The Islamic God.
Jihad A holy struggle by Muslims.
Sunni A member of the branch of Islam that accepts the first four caliphs as rightful successors to Muhammad.
Shi'ite Branch of Islam.
Sharia Muslim law.
Arab Spring Democratic uprising in North Africa/Middle East countries.
Bashar Al-Assad President of Syria (not elected) currently facing a revolt against his rule.
Ayatollah The most learned Shiite legal expert.
Mahmoud Amadinejad President of Iran
Nuclear Proliferation The increase of nations that own nuclear weapons.
Tribalism Loyalty to one's tribe; at times supercedes loyalty to ones country.
Taliban A fundamentalist Islamic militia that ruled Afghanistan.
Mujahedeen Local Afghan people who came together to fight against the Soviet Government in their country.
Madrassa Islamic schools for young boys in Afghanistan
Pashtun Ethnic tribe in Afghanistan
Pashto & Dari Languages spoken in Afghanistan.
Hamid Karzai President of Afghanistan
Khyber Pass Passage way through the mountains of Afghanistan and Pakistan.
Insurgency An organized rebellion aimed at overthrowing a constituted government through the use of subversion and armed conflict.
Burqa Heavy covering for the entire body required for Afghan women outside the home.
Osama Bin Laden Al Qaeda's leader in Saudi Arabia. He believed all Muslim nations should be one country and people should be ruled by the laws of Islam. He thinks Muslims should get rid of non believers of Islam.
al Qaeda A network of people started in the 1980's by a group of volunteers who came together because they were unhappy with their country's leader and feel strongly about their religious beliefs.
Durand Line Dangerous border between Afghanistan and Pakistan.
Militarism Aggressiveness that involves the threat of using military force.
Swat Valley Area in Pakistan.
Asif Ali Zardari President of Pakistan.
Artha One of the four goals, "getting ahead" reaching your goals in life.
Dharma One of the four goals, which represents your duty or your righteous path in life.
Ahimsa One of the four goals, belief that all living (forms of life) are sacred and you should treat them with respect and care.
Karma One of the four goals, in which the +/- force is a result of a person's actions.
Moksha Ultimate goal of a Hindu, to break free from Samsara, (the cycle of life, death, and rebirth.)
Samsara Cycle of life, death, and rebirth.
Caste System The social structure of social classes, also known as varnas.
Varna Four levels of the caste system.
Brahma The creator of the world, who represents birth.
Vishnu Preserver, who represents life.
Shiva Destroyer of the universe, who represents death.
Brahman Nirguna The one god, also known as the universal spirit.
Hinduism "eternal truth" oldest religion in the world, 80% of Indians practice it, emphasizes spiritual discipline.
Henotheism To worship a single God that takes on many different forms.
Buddhism The religion that emphasizes a life of moderation and compassion to learn spiritual enlightenment.
Buddha The "awakened" one, or the "enlightened" one, who has overcome human suffering and reached enlightenment.
Siddhartha The original buddha who gave up a life of luxury to discover how to stop human suffering.
Four Noble Truths The basic buddhist teachings that outline the reasons people suffer, and how to end it.
Eightfold Path 8 steps to eliminate suffering in your life and reach enlightenment.
Enlightenment A state of extreme clarity that gives one a reason to see why they suffered and how to escape it.
Nirvana Union with the universe, after death.
Taoism Mystical chinese philosophy, emphasizes a simple honest life, living at one with nature.
Confucianism Chinese philosophy based on personal morals and relation with other people.
Created by: mbadger
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